摘要:

This paper describes a thought-stopping procedure for reducing the anticipatory anxiety and feelings of helplessness typically experienced by school-age children who know that they are to have a painful diagnostic or treatment intervention. The procedure involves having the child (with adult help) first prepare a set of positive cognitions about the feared event, then memorize them, and finally repeat them each time the event comes to mind. As developed here, our procedure eliminates major weaknesses of previous approaches to thought-stopping. First used to help young retarded children to reduce anxiety about dental treatments, our thought-stopping procedure can be applied successfully to a diverse group of impending pediatric pain situations. It has proved successful with short-term, acute care patients as well as with chronically ill children who require continuing care. Detailed examples of specific applications of this procedure are provided, along with a possible explanation for its efficacy.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409009046

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

To determine how school-age children from Arab-American cultural group perceive, describe, and respond to painful experiences, 27 children, 8 to 12 years of age, were interviewed. Information was elicited regarding causative factors and word descriptors of pain, feelings, and coping strategies when in pain. Arab-American children could identify sources of pain, use words to describe their pain, and identify coping strategies that are culturally derived to help them deal with their pain.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409009047

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In a world of complex technology, crisis, and immediacy of needs there is room for outreach in primary prevention through teaching. Nurses should not focus only on the immediate needs of the child with serious chronic disease but must anticipate possible future complications and work toward prevention. The psychosocial trauma that a youngster potentially faces in his peer group can be ameliorated or, in some cases, entirely prevented. It is the purpose of this paper to show how an educational program may assist young people to cope with cancer in their lifetime.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409009048

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This article presents the most common pediatric conditions that require gastrostomy tubes to maintain the child's nutritional status. It discusses the care of the child with a gastrostomy tube, including the feeding, changing, and maintenance techniques. The growth and developmental needs of these children, as well as the teaching and emotional support provided to the parents, is also presented. The use of gastrostomy tubes in the care of children with complex problems is common; however, nursing care of the child with a gastrostomy tube is not complex. Proper knowledge of tube maintenance and care is important in preventing complications that can have serious consequences.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409009049

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a nursing instructional program designed to promote self-care in asthmatic children. A pretest-posttest control group design was used with a sample composed of 28 second, third, and fourth grade asthmatic children drawn from 12 schools in a southwestern United States school district. Half of the children (n = 13) were instructed in the self-administration of breathing exercises, self-medication, and basic knowledge of asthma and served as the experimental group. The other half (n = 15) were instructed only in the basic knowledge of asthma and served as the control group. Both instructional programs were conducted in groups, included both parents and children, and were held weekly over a 3- to 4-week period. The child's health locus of control and level of responsibility in self-care activities were measured before the initiation of the instruction and following its completion. Change scores of each of the measures were computed. Performance of the children who received self-care instruction was significantly greater in health locus of control when compared to those who received only factual information about asthma. No significant difference was found between the groups in asthma self-care activities, although children who received self-care instruction were reported to engage in more self-care activities. The results suggest that participation in a nursing intervention program oriented toward self-care may increase an asthmatic child's perception of his/her control over health or sickness in a period of three to four weekly meetings. This research provides implications for nurses, who are in an ideal position to conduct self-ca/e instructional programs for asthmatic children.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409009050

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Therapeutic regimens often impose adverse effects that have to be weighed against the expected benefits. Ototoxicity, drug-induced damage to the inner ear, can be transitory or permanent. The most widely used ototoxic drugs in pediatrics are aminoglycoside antibiotics. They are mainly used to treat gram-negative bacterial sepsis and carry the risk of causing permanent hearing loss. Brainstem response audiometry, a new method of testing hearing, reveals potentially significant subclinical changes in hearing of neonates due to amino-glycoside therapy. Recent investigation of these and other ototoxic drugs is shedding new light on therapy management. Nurses need to be aware of this research in order to minimize the risk of permanent hearing loss.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409009051

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of this research was to determine if there is a difference between satisfaction with body image as measured by the Body Cathexis Scale for women who are successful in breastfeeding as compared with those who are not successful. The study population consisted of 43 women who resided in a three-county area in South Carolina during the months of September, October, and November 1980. Questionnaires were given to participants during their last trimester of pregnancy and again approximately 4 weeks after delivery. Based on the course of breastfeeding, they were divided into Group I (successful) and Group II (unsuccessful). Data were analyzed using the Hotelling's T2multivariate test with the level of significance set at. 05. No statistical difference was found in the scores for those mothers who were successful and those who were not. Based on these findings, the null hypothesis that there would be no statistically significant difference in body satisfaction of women who are successful in breastfeeding and women who are unsuccessful could not be rejected at the. 05 level of significance. Due to the limitations of the design and the instrument, these findings should be viewed with caution.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409009052

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

With careful planning and coordinating, a hospital or agency can become involved in an exciting outreach project without experiencing budgetary constraints. This article provides a step-by-step approach to planning a successful health fair. It demonstrates the need to market the idea to appropriate personnel; select enthusiastic members for a planning committee; identify the fair site and date early; develop guidelines for booths, and solicit booth sponsors and participants.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409009053

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409009045

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor