ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The goal of current research on the development of refraction is not to establish whether refraction is either genetically programmed or environmentally influenced, but to assess how heredity and environment interact in the genesis of refractive error. The continuing problem in strabismus research is one of cause and effect. Do binocular deficiencies induce strabismus, or is it the other way around? The papers highlighted in this article address these critical issues. The new findings have the potential to influence the treatment and clinical care of patients with refractive errors and strabismus.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article reviews 14 of the past year's important published works on comitant strabismus, referring to the most interesting developments related to subjects such as epidemiology of comitant strabismus and prevalence of esotropia and exotropia in pathologic conditions like cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and prematurity-factors influencing the surgical success in strabismus and functional outcomes of early surgery in essential infantile esotropia. Relevant anatomic and physiologic findings on extraocular muscle function are also discussed, which may contribute to our knowledge on the pathophysiology of congenital strabismus.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In the year under review, published work has concentrated on two main topics. The first is the etiology, pathophysiology, and natural history of paralytic and incomitant strabismus. No major studies were published but some interesting findings are discussed. The second is surgical results, largely assessed by uncontrolled retrospective data analysis. Also, a number of useful tips for patient management have emerged.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Diagnosis of eye movement disorders is an important step in evaluation of patients with developmental or acquired brain lesions. A better understanding of the various pathologies requires both a detailed clinical examination and the analysis of eye movement recordings (nystagmus of various types, saccade, and pursuit anomalies). Basic science studies help to interpret these eye movement disorders.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Neuro-ophthalmology is a difficult and challenging field for both ophthalmologists and neurologists. Unfortunately, signs and symptoms of these patients can be very subtle and easily overlooked. Although neuro-ophthalmologic cases are rare in the practice of a general ophthalmologist, missing the diagnosis can have a severe impact on the patient's health. This paper reviews the past year's publications of neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations of systemic and neurologic disease.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although visual screening programs seem to be more and more effective, we face new problems with visual dysfunction that are not always detected in the visual screening programs. Many children born prematurely develop cerebral visual impairment. These children suffer from a cognitive visual impairment, causing them to have problems with orientation and visual perception. Brain impairment also seems to be relevant for the dyslexia syndrome, which continues to fascinate and puzzle many researchers. New findings in visual brain function cast light on these questions and might ultimately answer a few of the mysterious findings in dyslexia.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

During the past decade, surgeons have increasingly recognized that brow ptosis is an important contributor to dermatochalasis and ptosis of the upper eyelid. Surgical elevation of the ptotic brow improves eyelid esthetics; conversely, failure to appreciate and to alleviate brow abnormalities frequently compromises the results of upper eyelid surgery. Improved understanding of eyebrow anatomy and of the pathophysiology of the aging face, combined with advances in small-incision surgery, have culminated in a unified approach to correction of the ptotic brow. Despite improvements in surgical techniques, the surgical outcome can deviate from the perceived eyelidbrow ideal. Both the surgical management and objectives of eyebrow surgery continue to evolve.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID