摘要:

AbstractA total of 520 patients were assessed by trained interviewers within 8 weeks of a cancer diagnosis. A semi‐structured interview, the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule, a checklist of concerns and assessment of degree of confiding of concerns in others were used to determine the relationship between concerns, confiding and affective disorder. The most common concerns were the illness itself (65%), inability to do things (36%), the future (31%) and physical symptoms (28%). Concerns about the illness itself, the future, job, finances and personal relationships were distributed evenly across disease groups. Concerns about sexuality, feeling upset or feeling different from other people were related to cancer type. Patients with these concerns or who had four or more concerns had significantly more anxiety or depression. No relationship was found between degree of confiding and psychological morbidity. The nature and number of concerns could be useful markers for those with affective disorders and a focus for psychological and/or psychiatric intervention in the cancer populatio

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960030303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to evaluate the effects of a behavioral intervention on endocrine and immunological parameters, 24 breast cancer patients were investigated after standard surgical treatment of their tumors and without adjuvant tumor treatment. Of these, 14 patients were allocated to the intervention group and 10 patients served as controls. Interventions were conducted once a week over a period of 10 weeks. To determine short‐ and longer‐term intervention effects on plasma concentration of cortisol and lymphocyte numbers, blood samples were taken before and after the second and 10th session. Psychological variables such as illness‐related coping showed no changes within the intervention period (10 weeks). However, there were short‐ (pre‐ versus post sessions) and longer‐term (9 weeks) reductions in plasma levels of cortisol in the intervention group. In parallel to the reduced plasma concentration of cortisol, a short‐term increase of lymphocyte numbers after the second and the 10th session, as well as an increase over a period of nine weeks in the intervention group, was observed. This data indicate that behavioral intervention influences endocrine and immunological functions in breast ca

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960030304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBased on a nationwide psychological autopsy study comprising all suicides committed in Finland during one year (n= 1397), victims who had suffered from cancer (n= 60) were compared with other suicides. Cancer suicides were significantly older and more often male, which required adjusting the control group (n= 60) for age and sex. The cancer suicides had more pain and were more often physically disabled. The social network of cancer patients was stronger: 93% of them and 65% of the control cases had a significant other. Family histories of mental disorder were more common in the control group. Cancer was the main underlying factor in the suicide process in 62% of the cancer patients and a contributing factor in 23%. Background factors of the suicide process of the cancer patients with terminal illness (n= 18) were different from those with cancer in remission and from victims among the general population. The frequency of physical symptoms and of depression before suicide in cancer patients emphasizes the need for more competent palliative care and psychological support for cancer patients.

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960030305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMothers (n= 28) and fathers (n= 23) of 30 children with cancer were interviewed separately about their recall of the period immediately before the diagnosis, and their experiences during the diagnostic interview. Information about how the children were told, and by whom, was also elicited. Parents reported considerable delay between the time when they first sought professional advice about their child and the diagnosis being confirmed (mean = 17 weeks). The longer it took for parents to achieve a diagnosis, the more they subsequently blamed the general practitioner (p<0.05). All children over 8 years of age were informed about treatment, usually by the consultant. On diagnosis, all parents recalled that information was given about cancer and proposed treatment. Fewer recalled that any information was given about side‐effects, complications or the cause. Implications for when these issues should be considered are discussed. Many parents felt unable to ask questions even when given the opportunity. The data point to the need to improve communications between families, specialist hospitals and local service

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960030306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between psychological adjustment and illness‐related, demographic, intrapersonal, family and socio‐ecological variables. A total of 132 men and women receiving active cancer treatment completed a battery of instruments designed to measure global psychological functioning, depression, anxiety, coping strategies, domestic and extended family relations, social support quantity and perceived quality, and satisfaction with the health care system. Results revealed that the majority of subjects were experiencing little or no psychological distress; however, 30–35% reported experiencing clinically significant levels of depression, anxiety or global adjustment difficulties. Results further revealed that coping strategies characterized by avoidance or acceptance‐resignation, family disturbance and quantity and perceived quality of social support distinguished good versus poor adjustment and were most predictive of psychological distress in this

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960030307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractQuality of life is increasingly being used as a measure of outcome in comparative cancer clinical trials. Even when quality of life studies are well fundedvis‐à‐visdata collection and processing, it is unlikely that data sets will be 100% complete, leading to problems at the data analysis stage. Missing data can arise as a consequence of whole assessments being missed due to death or other reasons, or as a result of single items being omitted from particular questionnaires. This paper addresses the latter category of missing data and examines the effects on subscale scores of imputing values for missing items from the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the psychological complaints subscale of the Rotterdam Symptom Check

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960030308

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between adjustment to cancer and quality of life in a sample of 68 newly diagnosed non‐metastatic breast cancer patients. Responses were assessed on three occasions following communication of the diagnosis and included the Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) scale, a measure of denial and a Spanish quality of life questionnaire for breast cancer patients. Appropriate medical variables were considered and included in the analysis. MAC subscales showed adequate internal consistency; nevertheless, there was overlap between subscales and a second order factorial analysis suggested that two dimensions (‘perceived threat’ and ‘perceived control’) suffice to describe mental adjustment to cancer. A strong association was found between mental adjustment to cancer and reported vague physical symptomatology at the first assessment. Older patients showed higher ‘Denial’ scores and lower scores for ‘Anxious preoccupation’. ‘Fighting spirit’ and ‘Denial’ were associated with better present and future quality of life; ‘Helpless/hopeless’, ‘Anxious preoccupation’ and ‘Fatalism’ responses were negatively correlated with well‐being. These results are dis

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960030309

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn preparation for a formal study on the effects of cognitive behavioural therapeutic intervention with advanced breast cancer patients with respect to improved emotional well‐being and increased survival, a small (n= 6) pilot study was completed. Depression, anxiety, anger and self‐esteem self‐report measures were administered to determine the outcome of a 12‐week group Cognitive Behaviour Therapy programme which used the rationalemotive therapy model (Ellis, 1991). The programme followed psycho‐educational techniques to teach coping strategies for dealing with the various emotional factors associated with advanced breast cancer. In most cases, data at post‐programme and at a three‐month follow‐up revealed improvements in depression and anger and, to a smaller extent, with self‐esteem. The findings indicate that such a programme is beneficial to advanced breast cancer patients with respect to improving some aspects of emotional well‐being. It is too early to determine whether such a programme wi

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960030310

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960030311

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPotential sources of staff stress are described and suggestions provided for staff interventions in radiation oncology. An in‐service program was conducted to elucidate potential sources of staff stress and to provide support for ancillary oncology staff (AOS) in a time‐limited intervent

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960030312

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY