ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1979.tb01041.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A national probability sample of 1736 respondents and a Nevada State probability sample of 296 respondents were surveyed during the summer of 1975 to determine the extent of gambling activity in the United States, to estimate the amount of government revenue that could result from various changes in the gambling laws, and to predict the social consequences of these changes. While there were large variations among regions and demographic groups, a majority of all adult Americans gamble. Wagers on commercial games amounted to $22.4 billion in 1974 of which $17 billion was wagered legally and approximately $5 billion illegally.

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1979.tb01042.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines the effects of legalization on illegal gambling participation using a multivariate analysis to adjust for the influence of demographic variables. In addition, the incidence of illegal gambling in a nationwide sample was compared with the incidence reported by Nevada residents. Games with similar structures and psychological characteristics appear to be complementary. That is, people who participate in one tend to participate in the other as well, regardless of their legal status. Dissimilar games operate as substitutes for each other.

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1979.tb01043.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reports the results from a national survey of gambling behavior, social problems, and attitudes toward the legalization of gambling. Non‐bettors perceived more negative consequences and fewer positive consequences associated with the legalization of gambling than did bettors. One negative consequence perceived by a majority of both groups was an increase in political corruption. The level of gambling activity was positively associated with several social problems such as divorce, absenteeism, and frequency of alcohol consumption. Respondents who were classified as probable compulsive gamblers reported more family problem

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1979.tb01044.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Legalized gambling as a revenue source is evaluated on the basis of data derived from a nationwide survey. The major findings include: (1) gambling is essentially a consumer commodity which people purchase because they enjoy it, rather than because they expect to make money; (2) maximum revenue potential depends on consumer responsiveness to the price of a given game; (3) high take‐out rates encourage gamblers to participate in illegal substitutes; (4) state receipts from gambling, regardless of the details of the way they are collected, are economically identical to any other form of excise tax; (5) although gambling outlays tend to increase with income, the amount of increase is disproportionate to the amount of income, and therefore gambling tends to be a highly regressive form of taxation; and (6) the maximum revenue which states could expect to collect as the result of legalizing gambling is about a 4 percent addition to total receipts from other sources of revenu

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1979.tb01045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Lotteries have played an important role in American finance through much of this Nation's history. This paper begins with an account of the abuses that led to the prohibition of the privately run lottery during the nineteenth century. It then goes on to analyze the promise and performance of the state run lotteries that have been created during the last decade. The paper argues that the lotteries have failed to fulfill the promises of their proponents, either in raising revenue or in fighting organized crime, and that they constitute a regressive and inefficient form of taxation. It also argues that the promotion of gambling serves to tarnish the image of state government.

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1979.tb01046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The author examines some of the factors that altered the economics and control of policy and numbers gambling, bookmaking, and casino gambling from 1900 to 1950. The factors include the emergence of black ghettoes after World War I and the consequent rise of blacks to controlling positions in numbers and policy banks; the changing ownership and activities of the national race and sports information service; the increasing use of the telephone for making sports bets; and the sudden wealth of bootleggers in the 1920's along with their growing involvement in gambling enterprises. The author concludes that these factors exercised a diverse and interrelated influence on the history of American gambling.

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1979.tb01047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A great deal of controversy surrounds the writing and enforcement of antigambling laws. In large part, this is due to a lack of consensus among citizens, police departments, and prosecutors in defining the objectives of antigambling laws and the methods of enforcing them. It is suggested that since standards of appropriate behavior vary from place to place, the wishes of the local citizens should be the primary guide in determining enforcement effort priorities. The authors differentiate the four main targets of enforcement efforts and conclude that only two—public social gambling and commercial gambling—can be substantially affected by local police. Finally, specific suggestions about how police and prosecutors can cooperate in enforcing local antigambling laws are m

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1979.tb01048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One of the major reasons for the reluctance to legalize many of the popular forms of gambling is the belief that these forms are particularly difficult to control honestly. It is generally believed that organized crime has been able to undermine regulatory mechanisms. This paper reports on the difficulties and successes of the Nevada Gambling Control Board's efforts to deal with a sophisticated and complex form of gambling organization and compares and contrasts that regulation with the regulation of casino gambling in England.

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1979.tb01049.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines the relation between the attitudes of the public toward gambling and recent changes in gambling laws. The nineteenth century wave of antigambling sentiment found expression in many state constitutions. Consequently, legalization or decriminalization of gambling became unusually difficult among that class of activities often referred to as “victimless crimes.” Renewed interest in gambling as a revenue source, in the last few decades, has produced a number of surveys dealing with attitudes toward gambling and has required statewide votes on some 45 separate gambling items. Public attitudes are compared, along several dimensions, for results of a national survey and results of voting on particular gambling proposals. Attitudes are consistent between survey data and voting data, particularly as they pertain to administrative and regulatory form. Also, in one state, demographic variables discriminating favorability in the survey data predict voting outcome on a lottery propo

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1979.tb01050.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY