ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00384.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Using a sample of 1,050 Dutch elementary schoolchildren who were in Grades 2 and 4 at the outset of the research, this study investigated (a) the longitudinal effects of television viewing on the frequency with which children read books and comic books at home, and (b) the causal mechanisms that underlie television's effects on leisure‐time reading. The children were surveyed three times, at 1‐year intervals. Structural equations analysis suggested that television viewing reduced children's comic book reading only in the period from Year 2 to Year 3. Book reading, however, was found to be reduced by television viewing over both measurement periods. The data suggest that two causal mechanisms underlie television's reductive effect on children's book reading: (a) a television‐induced deterioration of attitudes toward book reading, and (b) a television‐induced deterioration of children's ability to concentrate on

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00385.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The research examines the effect of priming negative stereotypic and positive counter‐stereotypic portrayals of African Americans (Study 1) and women (Study 2) on interpretations of actual media events. A counter‐stereotypic portrayal of an African American male led participants to subsequently make more external or situational attributions of responsibility to other African American males involved in unrelated media events (i.e., Rodney King and Magic Johnson), whereas stereotypic portrayals led to more internal or personal attributions. Similarly, a counter‐stereotypic portrayal of a female tended to increase the perceived credibility of females involved in unrelated media events (i.e., the Anita Hill/Clarence Thomas hearings and the William Kennedy Smith/Patricia Bowman rape trial) whereas stereotypic portrayals decreased their perceived credibility. Study 2 also revealed an ingroup‐outgroup bias in the interpretation of media events, with females tending to be more sympathetic toward other females. Implications of these findings are discussed and suggestions made for future r

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00386.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This longitudinal research examines the impact of peer communication on transferees moving from one location to another within organizations. Based on uncertainty reduction theory, it examines the impact of the frequency of peer communication, the quality of peer communication, and network multiplexity on transferees’adjustment to their new positions. Results suggest that the quality of peer communication is associated with positive adjustment after 1 month and at 3 months; frequency of peer communication is associated with positive adjustment at 3 months and at 1 year; and the network multiplexity has relatively limited impact. These results suggest the importance of examining the impact of peer communication for reducing uncertainty for employees involved in job transitions instead of focusing exclusively on superior‐subordinate communicat

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00387.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a series of four studies, a descriptive taxonomy of dyadic speech events in everyday relating was developed and employed to explore the constitutive functions of interpersonal communication. Twenty‐nine speech events were identified and replicated through a variety of multi‐method procedures, including unstructured and structured diary records, judgment sorting tasks, and semantic‐differential rating scaks. Everyday relating appears to be dominated by six kinds of talk events: gossip, making plans, joking around, catching up, small talk, and recapping the day's events. The taxonomy of speech events appears to be organized along three dimensions: formal/goal‐directed, important/deep/involving, and positive valence. Preliminary evidence suggests how different types of personal relationships are constituted in different speech

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00388.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A laboratory study of early dating and married/cohabiting couples showed that perceived appropriateness of emotion expression was lowest for early daters' negative emotions. Partners in more developed relationships managed positive emotions less than negative emotions and less than early daters managed either negative or positive emotions. Biological sex moderated the effect of valence and relationship level on discrepancy scores, the greatest differences between stages being for males’positive emotions and females’negative emotions. A second study using partners across all stages of relationship development found evidence of a curvilinear pattern for relationship length on discrepancy scores. More management of negative emotions was reported by partners in early and later stages of relationship development. Perceived appropriateness of emotion expression was found to increase with relationship development. Females expressions of emotion were considered least appropriate in early‐stage relationships. Together the results provide evidence of display rule evolution as relationships de

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00389.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00390.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY