摘要:

This research investigated the concept of communicative competence. A definition and a five‐component model of communicative competence is proposed. Interaction management, empathy, affiliation/support, behavioral flexibility, and social relaxation are identified as components of competence, with interaction management playing a central role. In an experiment designed to partially test the model, 239 Ss were assigned to evaluate a confederate's role‐played communicative competence in one of four interaction management treatment conditions. Results indicated a strong, positive, linear relationship between interaction management and communicative competence. Positive correlations between competence and other components of the model were observed. The competent communicator is thus described as empathic, affinitive and supportive, and relaxed while interacting; he is capable of adapting his behavior as the situation within an encounter changes and as he moves from encounter to encounter. The manner in which the interaction is managed contributes, in part at least, to his fellow interact ants' perceptions of his compete

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00518.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Four conceptual problems require resolution if the uses and gratifications approach to mass communication studies is to be maximally productive: a vague conceptual framework; lack of precision in major concepts; a confused explanatory apparatus; and failure to view perception as an active process. Consideration of the current state of the uses and gratifications approach suggests the need for conceptual analysis if the approach is to unambiguously inform the research enterprise.

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00519.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper presents the elements of a theory of measurement for communication and cognitive processes, along with specific operationalization of rules and procedures. Longitudinal data taken from a large sociology department are presented to illustrate the use of the method and show its relationship to commonly used procedures. These data show that the new procedures provide scales whose precision of measurement exceeds typical practice while at the same time saving considerable time and effort.

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00520.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Consideration of the relationship between semantics and pragmatics leads to a formal analysis of pragmatic implications customarily made by auditors in this culture. The analysis isolates four types of responses to yes‐no demand questions: (1) explication, (2) prepositional implication, (3) relational implication, and (4) transparent question. It further shows how the latter three types can be exploited by devious communicators and proposes some possible social extensions of the syste

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00521.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Audience feedback has been demonstrated to result in intra‐audience effects in addition to having effects on message sources. This experiment was designed to demonstrate intra‐audience effects in a naturalistic field setting. Sixty male and female undergraduates were required as part of a bogus class assignment to go to a bar on one of two nights and “observe communication behaviors in the field.” A group of about 30 confederates attended both nights, one night giving positive responses to the band and the other night giving negative responses. Subjects filled out a questionnaire in their classes on the day following participation. Results supported predictions that observable audience responses would affect subjects' evaluations of the band and the length of time spent at

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00522.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examined the relationship of trust to self‐disclosure. A measure of individualized trust was developed and used in conjunction with a multidimensional measure of disclosure to reassess the relationship between the two. A modest, linear relationship between individualized trust and various dimensions of self‐disclosure was discovered. Moreover, a higher level of trust (as opposed to lesser trust as well as distrust) was found to be associated with more consciously intended disclosure and a greater amount of disclos

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00523.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The argument is presented that taking communication as intentional and as a social system is necessary although not sufficient for defining the concept of communication for scholarly and research purposes. To illustrate the tendency and the error of ignoring the sociality of communication the notion of “intrapersonal communication” is examined. It is contended that many authors reject “intention” as a defining attribute of communication as a result of a strong tendency toward seeing the concept only in a defective form, represented as “speaker's purpose” and that the sense of “intention” needs to be grounded in a prior notion of

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00524.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reports research conducted as a part of a continuing program designed to provide empirical delineation of the communication apprehension construct. Five studies are reported which indicate a substantial correlation (r =−.52 to r =−.72) between oral communication apprehension and self‐esteem. Results from two college student samples (N = 192 and N = 272), two samples of elementary and secondary teachers (N = 202, N = 384), and a sample of federal employees (N = 211) indicate highly consistent relationships across age groups and occupational

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00525.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00526.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY