摘要:

In order to build a descriptive base for a theory of marital communication, a typology of marital relationships has been developed. Using the Relational Dimensions Instrument, nine couple types may be obtained from combinations of three individual‐level relational definitions: traditional, independent, and separate. The current study expanded this descriptive base by examining how the instrumental and expressive behavior of the nine couple types differed. This was accomplished by obtaining measures of both normative and perceptual sex‐role orientation from a random sample of 224 couples. The results of the study indicated that normatively most of the couple types subscribed to a conventional allocation of instrumental and expressive behavior according to the sex of the partner. Only the Independents clearly supported communication roles based on the personal preferences of the marital partners. Perceptually, most husbands rated their own behavior as primarily instrumental regardless of their couple type. In contrast, wives' self‐perceptions of their instrumental and expressive behaviors depended on the type of relationship they had with their hus

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1982.tb00664.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A disqualification is a message that says something “without really saying it”—one that is evasive, indirect, or effectively ambiguous in some other way. This article describes the rationale for, and development of, an objective method for measuring the degree of disqualification in brief written messages: nonexpert judges independently assess four basic elements of the message (sender, content, receiver, context) for ambiguity, by use of a physical scale of length. The raw scale values are standardized for each judge, and the reliability of these values is quite high. Research uses of the method, as well as its limitations and possible modifications, are disc

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1982.tb00665.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aims of the investigation were to initiate the development of “contextual age” as an alternative life‐position concept to chronological age in communication and aging research, and to examine the relationships between contextual age and socio‐demographic characteristics, television viewing patterns, and viewing motivations. The sample consisted of 340 non‐confined respondents, aged 55 to 92. Factor analysis located four contextual age dimensions: interaction, life satisfaction, economic security, and self‐reliance. The results of the Pearson and canonical correlation analyses suggest: the importance of an individual's degree of interpersonal interaction, social activity, life satisfaction, economic security, mobility, and physical health for indicating television usage; a series of interactant associations among contextual age, socio‐demographic, viewing pattern, and viewing motivation variables; and the heuristic potential of the contextual age concept for assessing life‐position and communi

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1982.tb00666.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The principle of correspondence specifies that a necessary condition for the acquistion of valid scientific knowledge is that correctly applied analytic techniques be inherently capable of revealing the theoretical properties under examination. The problem raised in the present paper is whether traditional analytic techniques are capable of providing evidence for or against systems hypotheses, no matter how well they are employed. Traditional univariate as well as multivariate and structural equation analytic techniques are examined to determine the extent to which they are capable of revealing two selected properties: feedback and holism. The general problem of correspondence is discussed and recommendations are offered for correspondence analysis for (1) other conceptualizations of systems, (2) other systems properties, and (3) other analytical techniques.

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1982.tb00667.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This essay classifies, reviews, and critiques the current literature on the role of communication in the bargaining process. As such, it provides an up‐to‐date review of the research findings within four areas: communication opportunity, information exchange, message strategies, and categories of interaction. These areas illustrate three different perspectives of communication: the mechanistic, the psychological, and the pragmatic views. Integration of this literature reveals that bargaining interaction differs from group problem solving in the types of messages used and in the evolution of bargaining stages, and that communication patterns distinguish between the initial and the latter stages of bargain

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1982.tb00668.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY