摘要:

This article inquires into the appropriateness of scientific methods now used by a social science of communication for use by an emerging communication policy science. Toward this end, changes in the communication field leading to a policy science are considered, and some of the problems and possibilities in methods of inquiry are outlined. Questions of communication sciences and methods are then set in a multicultural historical perspective. The article concludes with suggestions on how uniquely appropriate methods might be developed for communication policy science.

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1980.tb00547.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigated the effects of situational variables on the likelihood of use of four types of strategies to resist compliance‐gaining attempts: identity managing, negotiation, justifying, and non‐negotiation. Subjects rated strategies on the probability that they would actually use them to resist complying in each of eight situations, which varied systematically in the level of agent‐target intimacy, the consequences to the target‐agent relationship of noncompliance, and the rights of the target to resist. Significant second‐order interactions of the situational factors were obtained for the likelihood of use of each of the four types of strategies. Resistance message selection was concluded to be based upon an assessment of the relative risk associated with the implementation of a given strategy in conjunction with a particular combination of situational co

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1980.tb00548.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The paper addresses some of the assumptions and criticisms of rule‐governed approaches to interpersonal communication research and theory. A definition of rules is first outlined which does not require sole reliance on interpersonal actors’ statements about their behavior or assumptions of communicator self‐awareness. Then the paper addresses the intercultural and developmental criticisms directed by Miller (1978) against rules studies. With regard to the former, it is suggested that communications researchers account for (1) the behavior patterns of individuals interacting intraculturally, (2) the culturally patterned attitudes and behavior manifest in intercultural exchanges, and (3) the rule‐governed strategies for negotiation. While the paper does not deny the existence of some idiosyncratic behavior, it is suggested that researchers consider rules‐based concomitants of relationship developments which are socially patterned in lieu of focusing on relationship‐specific (uniqu

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1980.tb00549.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Preschool children's visual attention to nearly three hours of a heterogeneous sample of children's programing was examined in relationship to the presence of 37 simple visual and auditory attributes of television programs. A factor analysis of the attributes indicated that they were largely independent, with the exception of two factors, which were labeled “women and children” and “puppets.” Attributes and factors that were positively related to attention were the puppet factor, women and children factor, auditory changes, peculiar voices, movement, cuts, sound effects, laughter, and applause. Attributes that were negatively related to attention were adult male voices, extended zooms and pans, eye contact, and still shots. Other attributes had both positive and negative effects on attention depending on whether the child was looking at the TV at the time the attribute occurred. It is suggested that attributes are positive or negative to the degree to which they signal informative comprehensible

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1980.tb00550.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigates the degree to which performance feedback information can be conceptually housed within an existing theoretical framework of organizational communication. If one's job can be conceptualized as a work information environment, then logically there should be some communality between organizational communication and performance feedback information. In this study 213 faculty members at Iowa State University completed a questionnaire addressing patterns of organizational communication within their respective academic departments and feedback on their own job performance provided them by multiple sources. In order to uncover any underlying congruence between the communication and feedback constructs, the data were subjected to canonical correlation analysis. The results revealed that the type of feedback, source of feedback, and perceived reliability of feedback sources were all found to interact in logical patterns with selected dimensions of organizational communication.

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1980.tb00551.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Volunteer undergraduate students were administered a questionnaire that assessed their perceptions of the probable use of certain persuasive strategies in a given situation and measured their level of communication apprehension. Data were analyzed to test hypotheses concerning the effects of communication apprehension and type of situation on the use of persuasive strategies. Data confirmed the impact of situation on strategy selection but failed to demonstrate the effect of communication apprehension or an interaction between communication apprehension and situation on strategy use. Implications for communication apprehension and communication competence were offered.

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1980.tb00552.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The results of this investigation suggests that one memory‐based measure of communication style (and perhaps other similar measures) tap conceptually related memory items that are not synonymous with actual communication behavior. In this study, a small number of respondents were able to replicate to a considerable extent, without regard to anyone's communication behavior in particular, the pattern of associations from a previously published investigation. Implications of this and related findings are also discusse

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1980.tb00553.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This reply to Sypher argues that neither his data nor his analysis provide good evidence for confirming the systematic distortion hypothesis in general or showing that it is operative in the communicator style measure in particular. At best, Sypher's research provides additional construct validity for the communicator style domain. It is maintained that “difficult memory conditions” do not prevail for the self‐report of style behaviors. Three studies are briefly reported supporting this conclusion. Finally, necessary conditions are identified in order for self‐report data to be increasingly useful.Although the results of factor analyses (and related methods) of sets of ratings are often of immediate and intrinsic interest, there are few personality psychologists today who would claim that obtained factor structures represent inexorable verities (cf. Lykenn, 1971). It is now well recognized that by varying the mix of variables included in a clustering analysis, one can fundamentally alter both the number and nature of the summarizing dimensions subsequently o

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1980.tb00554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY