摘要:

The aim of this study is to examine the ways in which individuals’perceptions of media use are influenced by others. Traditional theories of media use have proposed that perceptions of media use are shaped by individuals’demographic characteristics and the media's characteristics. However, three recent theories—critical mass theory, social influence model of media use, and adaptive structuration theory—suggest that individuals’perceptions of media emerge as a result of their interaction with others in their social network. Results from a longitudinal study of 30 group decision support system (GDSS) groups and 25 non‐GDSS groups over a 3‐week period indicate that interactional influence was a better predictor of individuals’perceptions of media use than were individuals’demographic characteristics or characteris

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00375.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study tested whether the accessibility of information in memory mediates the cultivation effect (i.e., the effect of television viewing on social perceptions), consistent with the availability heuristic (Tversky&Kahneman, 1973). Accessibility was operationalized as the time needed to generate frequency estimates of the real‐world prevalence of crime, marital discord, and particular occupations. The independent variable was amount of soap opera viewing, and the study used only very heavy (5 or more hours per week) and very light (zero hours per week) viewers. Heavy viewers gave significantly higher frequency estimates (cultivation effect) and responded significantly faster (accessibility effect) than did light viewers, replicating the findings of Shrum and O'Gunn (1993). Soap opera viewing also had an indirect effect on the frequency estimates of crime and occupational prevalence through its effect on response latency, supporting the notion of accessibility as a mediating variable. No such mediating effect was noted for marital discord estimate

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00376.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Individualism‐collectivism has a direct effect on communication styles and an indirect effect that is mediated through self construals and values. It was hypothesized that cultural individualism‐collectivism, self construals, and values would have separate effects on individuals’use of low‐ and high‐context communication styles. As predicted, the results of this study suggest that independent self construals and individualistic values mediate the influence of cultural individualism‐collectivism on the use of low‐context communication, and interdependent self construals and collectivistic values mediate the influence of cultural individualism‐collectivism on the use of high‐context communication. The patterns for cultural individualism‐collectivism were not as clear‐cut. The findings suggest that individual level factors (i.e., self construals and values) are better predictors of low‐ and high‐context communication styles across cultures than cultural i

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00377.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Previous research suggests that liars are not aware that they tend to decrease their movements during deception. Moreover, it is unclear how liars will behave if someone informs them about their behavioral rigidity during deception, and to what extent several processes (tension, attempted behavioral control, and cognitive effort) are associated with deception. In the present experiment, subjects were interviewed twice. During one interview, they told the truth, and during the other interview, they lied. In the information‐present condition, before both interviews, subjects were told that deception is usually associated with a decrease in movements. In the information‐absent condition, no information was given. The results revealed that whereas subjects believed that they increased their movements during deception, a decrease in movements, in fact, occurred. Provision of information about deceptive behavior had no effect. The results also showed that a decrease in movements was associated with attempted control and cognitive load processes, and occurred independently from the tension experienced by deceiv

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00378.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigated the impact of the omission of scholarly communication journals from Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) and Arts and Humanities Citation Index (AHCI) on citation‐based appraisals of communication literature. Citation data were collected from reference lists in articles appearing in 27 communication journals published during 1990, including 14 not indexed by SSCI or AHCI. The 14 journals not included in SSCI or AHCI contributed 1,953, or 26%, of the 7,640 citations to authors during 1990, and 1,156, or 25%, of the 4,587 citations to journals in 1990. Twenty‐seven of the 50 most frequently cited authors received 25% or more of their citations from journals omitted by SSCI and AHCI. This study found that an accurate evaluation of a scholar's articles based on citations received will not be possible until SSCI and/or AHCI choose to include the omitted journals, and that computer applications could be used to provide a convenient and inexpensive on‐line citation index for communication literature. The Journal Impact Rating, a measure for use in comparing journals’impact on the basis of citations received, was int

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00379.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Deception researchers interested in the effects of interrogative probing repeatedly have documented that probed sources are rated as more honest than nonprobed sources. This finding has been labeled “the probing effect.” The commonly accepted explanation for the probing effect is the behavioral adaptation explanation (BAE). The BAE posits that probing causes message sources to strategically adapt behavioral cues so as to appear “honest.” This behavioral adaptation subsequently causes message recipients to perceive probed sources as truthful. Across several published studies and convention papers, researchers have claimed empirical support for the BAE. This report documents three problems with the BAE that, taken together, suggest that the BAE cannot account for the probing

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00380.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00381.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00382.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00383.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY