摘要:

The literature relevant to talk and silence sequences in informal social conversations is reviewed in terms of individual consistency in talk and silence across and within conversations, the factors which can modify talk and silence consistencies, and the influence of partners’ talk and silence behaviors on the other's response. The review leads to the postulation of four models of talk‐silence sequences of increasing complexity and decreasing parsimony. The Markov model describes within‐conversation sequences; the Independent Decision (ID) model describes across‐conversation sequences under the assumptions of perfect consistency and independence of action; the Incremental model relaxes the consistency assumption of the ID model; the Regulation model relaxes both assumptions of the ID model, incorporating the possibility of mutual influence between partners rather than indep

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1979.tb00287.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three studies tested competing predictions about the role of similarity in personnel selection decisions. Previous research suggests a significant role for applicant‐selector similarity in the determination of selection decisions. Applicants who are similar to selectors are evaluated, by selectors, more positively than dissimilar applicants. The current investigations found that when the object of similarity is the applicant's and selector's level of anxiety, this relationship fails to appear. Regardless of the selector's own level of anxiety, the high anxious applicant is less positively evaluated than the low anxious one. This effect appears even when the communication demands of the position are specifie

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1979.tb00288.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This experiment examined how differences in the verbal and nonverbal behaviors available to persons influenced their accuracy in detecting deceptive communication. Earlier research found that when the context of the lying involved the concealment of emotional responses, observers were more accurate when they observed persons’ bodies only than when they observed their heads. The present experiment extends this research by: (1) examining observer accuracy in a situation in which persons made true or false statements about a factual event, in addition to replicating the situation in which they concealed their emotional responses; and (2) presenting observers with additional categories of information, both in isolation and in combinations, and comparing resulting accuracy differences. Both types of dishonest behavior were viewed by 719 observers in one of 14 experimental conditions. They saw either color or black‐and‐white videotapes, which showed either a close‐up of the person's face, a shot of the body only, or a shot of the head and body. Half of the observers viewed the stimuli without audio and half were allowed to hear the audio. These variables created a 3 (shot) by 2 (color/black‐and‐white) by 2 (visual only/audio and visual) factorial design. Audio‐only and transcript conditions make up the final two cells. When the lying behavior involved the concealment of emotional responses, results replicated the earlier head‐body finding. When it involved a factual event, observers who viewed the heads weremoreaccurate than those who vi

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1979.tb00289.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper describes the slide‐viewing paradigm for measuring nonverbal sending accuracy—the spontaneous tendency to display communicative nonverbal behavior— and nonverbal receiving ability—the ability to accurately decode such behaviors when they occur in others. Sending accuracy has been measured in adults, preschool children, and brain‐damaged patients, and suggestive relationships have emerged between sending accuracy and gender, personality, autonomic responding, and presumed site of brain damage. The pattern of results suggests that sending accuracy may be related to both unlearned, temperamental factors and to gender‐related social learning experiences. Receiving ability has been measured in adults and preschool children, and relationships with various measures have been d

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1979.tb00290.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigated the effects of various programming strategies, commonly employed by the networks, on program popularity for children. Viewing data for prime time and Saturday morning programs were collected in the fall, winter, and spring of the ‘75‐'76 season. Simple correlations supported the relationship between program popularity and the following programming strategies: counterprogramming by type, block programming by type, inheritance effects, starting time, program familiarity, and character familiarity. Regression analysis, which controlled for relationships among programming strategies, confirmed the effects of program familiarity and starting time only. The results, suggest that children are not highly adventurous viewers. On the contrary, it appears that past experience with a program coupled with availability of the child audience are overriding determinants of program popular

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1979.tb00291.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Within an accepted measurement system of the construct termed cognitive complexity, an analysis of the relationship between cognitive complexity scores and such indices of verbal complexity as number of tokens, type‐token ratio, and noun‐verb/adjective‐adverb ratio was conducted. Writing samples used to measure cognitive complexity were obtained and analyzed for verbal complexity. Results indicate that number of tokens account for 33 percent of the variance in cognitive complexity followed by noun‐verb/adjective‐ad verb ratio (8 percent) and the type‐token ratio (1 percent). Results are discussed relative to the potential for loquacity to impact the measurement of cognitive

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1979.tb00292.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article reviews the neurophysiological literature as it pertains to nonverbal communication. It provides an overview of research on the function of the cerebral hemispheres as related to communication, with particular emphasis on the right hemisphere where most nonverbal communication is processed. Limitations of the neurophysiological approach are discussed. Finally, implications of the neurophysiological approach are discussed for: (1) defining nonverbal communication, (2) the phylogenetic development of communication in humans, and (3) communication research and theory.

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1979.tb00293.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY