摘要:

Two tables are presented which can be used to evaluate differences in test‐retest scores for the WAIS Full Scale, Verbal, and Performance IQ measures. The tables were prepared using Payne&Jones' (1957) method of predicting the retest score by means of simple linear regression and testing the significance of the discrepancy between obtained and predicted retest score

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00581.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A statistical logic was developed by Payne&Jones (1957) and elaborated by Knight&Shelton (1983) for investigating the statistical significance or score changes for individual subjects. We decided that the particular approach advocated by Knight&Shelton would not be useful to researchers. These shortcomings are discussed and illustrated. More importantly, we took this as an occasion to discuss, in a general way, the available research designs and methods of analysis applicable to the study of individual subjects.

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00582.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fifty‐three elderly women attending a day centre were interviewed and observed to examine hypotheses about depressive symptoms and behaviour. Observers were blind to interview findings. The Geriatric Mental Status Schedule (GMS) and Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist (MAACL) provided information on current symptoms and mood. Time‐sampling was used to assess clients' level and type of engagement.No significant relation was found between ‘disengagement’ (absence of engaged activity) and symptom level. Those clients reaching the Feighner criteria for depression did not differ from other clients either in level of ‘disengagement’ or in type of engaged activity. Within the whole sample ‘disengagement’ was related to age and to self‐reports of good health. ‘Onlooking’ was correlated with ‘recent loss of interest’ and ‘self‐blame’. Results are discussed in relation to behavioural formulations of depre

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00583.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

As recently as 1970 the approaches of behaviour therapy and psychodynamic psychotherapy (especially in the form of psychoanalysis) to the explanation and treatment of disorders of behaviour were acknowledged by most psychologists to be fundamentally different and irreconcilable. Sporadic earlier suggestions that reconciliation between and even integration of the two approaches might be possible have received strong support in the last decade from a number of sources. The literature relating to these developments is reviewed and it is concluded that a strong case appears to have been made out for reconciliation and integration. These ‘paths of convergence’ have been produced by both general and specific forces. However, critical voices (mainly from sympathetic but unconvinced psychoanalytically oriented therapists) have not been wanting. Their criticisms are reviewed as well as the fundamental issue of the relationship between theory and therapy in the two approaches. It is concluded that the case for the reconciliation and integration of behaviour therapy and psychodynamic psychotherapy has not been satisfactorily established on empirical grounds and is very difficult, if not impossible, to establish on theoretical grou

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00584.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

While historically major philosophical differences between the behavioural and dynamic approaches to therapy have existed, there is nonecessaryconnection between metabeliefs and specific intervention techniques. Behavioural techniques can be used within a tragic vision of life and some psychoanalysts have a comic vision. Both camps want to achieve both objective and subjective changes but differ on how to achieve this. What is needed is a new, higher order theory that goes beyond both camps to help us understand the connections between cognitive, affective, and behavioural systems.

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00585.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Yates's (1983) criticisms of the possibility of integrating psychodynamic and behavioural perspectives are critically examined. Some of Yates's arguments hold only for integration with a classical, intrapsychic version of psychoanalysis, not for an interpersonal psychodynamic perspective. Yates confuses a demonstration ofdifferencesbetween psychodynamic and behavioural views with an argument that they cannot be put together as part of a higher order synthesis. Issue is taken with Yates's contention that beliefs held ‘tenaciously’ and ‘in spite of the empirical evidence available’ are the best path to scientific p

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00586.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Using Yates's example of stuttering, this commentary expands upon limits to integration as well as a possibility forrapprochementwhich Yates overlooked. It also addresses the nature of the compromise inherent in attempts at reconciling psychoanalytic and behaviour therapy.

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00587.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The basis for Yates' (1983) rejection of the case for ‘reconciliation and integration’ of behaviour therapy and psychodynamic psychotherapy is questioned. His arguments reflect a misunderstanding of the position he rejects and merely establish that those who adopt extreme viewpoints will find their positions irreconcilable. Doubt is cast on his apparent belief that a competition between models will ultimately yield a win

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00588.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The attempts of the commentators to grapple with the problem of the integration of the psychodynamic and behaviouristic approaches to specific disorders such as stuttering and enuresis are evaluated and found wanting. The importance of reconciling theory and practice is seen as critical to successful integration.

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00589.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This brief paper is intended to amplify three points which are contained in Slade (1982) and Owens&Ashcroft (1982). They are that (i) functional relationships must be demonstrated, not merely claimed; (ii) functional relationships are likely to be complex, and clinicians should be wary of superficial analysis; and (iii) there is a distinction between discriminative stimuli and setting conditions which has important implications for clinical practice.

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00590.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY