摘要:

ABSTRACTMeasurement of the middle ear muscle reflex is an important tool in audiologic examination; however, the precise function of the tensor tympani and stapedius muscle is not fully understood. The function of the middle ear muscles in speech discrimination and noise-induced hearing loss is the main object of our study. Morphologic and enzyme-histochemical properties of the middle ear muscles of the rat indicate a complex, fine-tuned function of the middle ear muscles. Both middle ear muscles are merely composed of relatively small fast-twitch fibers. Almost all fibers possess an enzymatic profile that allows aerobic as well as anaerobic metabolism. The innervation of the muscles is extensive, and motor end plates are well developed. In a parallel study, middle ear muscle contraction (to be analyzed by electromyography) will be correlated with a change of the sound transmission characteristics of the middle ear (measured by the electrocochlear and brainstem auditory evoked responses). Preliminary results of the electrophysiologic measurements (electrocochleogram and brainstem auditory evoked response) are presented.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTSixty-eight cases of congenital conductive hearing loss due to ossicular abnormalities were reviewed. The clinical and surgical details of each case were documented, and a classification was drawn up on the basis of the abnormalities encountered. Sixty-six percent of the cases were documented as middle ear anomalies in the absence of any other evidence of congenital disease. Improved hearing was obtained in 47% of those cases where corrective surgery was undertaken. Treatment and results are reviewed. The pattern of ossicular abnormality encountered in this series suggests a variable origin of the incus, either from first branchial arch alone or from both first and second branchial arches.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTA technique is described in which “jingle bells” are sutured in three positions on the face at the points of maximum excursion of the facial musculature when stimulated by a Hilger nerve stimulator set at 2 mA. The procedure is used to monitor movement of the facial nerve while the surgeon dissects the nerve in the cerebellopontine angle and internal auditory canal.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Docs' Discussion is a regular featureof The American Journal of Otologyand represents an edited transcript of the actual Monday evening discussions at the Otologic Medical Group (OMG) in Los Angeles. The following discussion was taped on; December 8, 1986, and edited by Drs. Sheehy and Benecke.Present for the discussions were Drs. Howard House, Jim Sheehy (moderator), Derald Brackmann, Antonio de la Cruz, Ralph Nelson, Bill Luxford, John McElveen, and Jim Benecke. Also taking part in the discussions were Drs. Becker (radiologist—USC Medical School), Hitselberger (neurosurgeon) and Linthicum (House Ear Institute). Attending the discussions were a group of 26 registrants for the Temporal Bone Surgical Dissection Course at the House Ear Institute.The first two cases are examples of low-pressure hydrocephalus, presenting as dizziness, and were presented by Drs. Nelson and Benecke. Dr. McElveen then presented another dizziness case that turned out to be multiple sclerosis. Bilateral Meniere's disease, probably of autoimmune etiology, controlled by vasodilators, was presented by Dr. Benecke. Dr. Howard House presented Case 5 and Dr. Sheehy, Case 6, problems in stapedectomy patients. Case 7 (presented by Dr. Sheehy) led into a lengthy discussion of abnormal patency of the eustachian tube, its diagnosis and treatment. Dr. De la Cruz presented Cases 8 and 9, a unilateral Mondini deformity and a petrous apex cholesteatoma with long-term follow-up and complications.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID