ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTFifty-seven of 98 children with cholesteatoma treated between 1976 and 1985 were available for long-term follow-up. The clinical records of the 57 children were analyzed retrospectively. The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of recurrent and/or residual cholesteatoma, postoperative otorrhea, and hearing results between two groups of patients. One group (n = 40) of children was treated with a radical mastoidoepitympanectomy (RMET) and the other group (n = 17) was treated with intact canal wall tympanoplasty/mastoidectomy (ICWT). Residual cholesteatomas were twice as frequent (17% versus 7.5%) in the ICWT group while recurrent disease was the same. There was no difference in postoperative otorrhea between the two patient groups. Hearing results were equally good in the Type III and in the ICWT group with staged TORP. It is concluded that a Type III tympanoplasty is an excellent one-stage method of hearing reconstruction in patients with good eustachian tube function and an intact stapes and that a correctly performed RMET offers a safe trouble free alternative to ICWT. In selected patients with limited disease and a well pneumatized mastoid, ICWT is still used.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTSensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) has many etiologies including vascular sources. Vascular causes of SNHL can occur at the microvascular level. Macrovascular level may be described as arising from vessels proximal to the labyrinthine artery or those vessels that can be visualized without the aid of a microscope. Otologic symptomatology and diagnostic evaluation of the SNHL may reveal a macroscopic vascular source. Representative cases of macrovascular sensorineural hearing loss due to aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, and vertebrobasilar artery dolichoectasia are presented.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTWhether cholesteatoma development in chronic otitis media may be part of a generalized hyperproliferation of the epidermis was examined. The renewal time of the stratum corneum was determined in 24 patients presenting with chronic middle ear disease with cholesteatoma. These patients were compared with two control groups: one with chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma and one with otosclerosis. Dansyl chloride was applied to the back of the shoulder beneath occlusive patches for 2 days and the time it took the fluorescing label under ultraviolet light to disappear was measured. The depth of stratum corneum was determined with a standardized tape by measuring the number of strippings until no remaining fluorescing label was visible. This was also analysed with punch biopsies and fluorescence microscopy. However the cholesteatoma patients demonstrated no significant alterations in any of the studied parameters in comparison with the control groups. Based on our techniques and the data obtained there is no evidence of an epidermal hyperproliferative predisposition in patients with cholesteatoma.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTCytomegalovirus is the most frequently recognized cause of congenital viral infection and of viral induced congenital hearing loss. Histopathologic reports on temporal bones from nine congenitally infected infants have most often demonstrated an endolabyrinthitis.The guinea pig and its specific cytomegaloviruses have been studied extensively as a model of transplacentally acquired infection. However, to date no investigation has been performed on the inner ear of such congenitally infected animals. To determine if a congenital viral labyrinthitis occurs in these guinea pigs, a study was conducted in which pregnant Hartley and Strain 2 guinea pigs were injected intraperitoneally with virulent salivary gland passaged cytomegalovirus during the first, second, or third trimester. Various durations of gestation up to delivery were permitted and selected organs from the products were then studied with routine histologic and immunocytochemical methods and cell cultures to verify the presence of transplacental infection. The temporal bones were studied with routine histopathology as well as immunocytochemical methods to detect cytomegalovirus antigen. Over 190 products of conception studied in this fashion revealed no evidence of teratogenesis or labyrinthine infection. It is not clear why in the presence of viremia, which resulted in cytomegalovirus infection of multiple organs, the inner ears of these animals were apparently spared.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTDuring the past 15 years, 96 retrosigmoid vestibular neurotomies have been used in the surgical management of incapacitating Meniere's disease for the control of vertigo and preservation of hearing. This posterior approach of the pontocerebellar angle gives the best view on the acousticofacial nerve bundle, through a 2 x 2 cm suboccipital craniotomy immediately behind the mastoid and sigmoid sinus. Then the vestibular nerve is easily identified, separated from the cochlear nerve and sectioned, the facial nerve not being at risk, as it lies much deeper. Actually, the majority of authors agree that vestibular neurotomy is the most effective surgical treatment in relieving disabling vertigo (96% of cases) with serviceable hearing, but few surgeons know that the retrosigmoid approach is simpler and more reliable than the middle fossa or retrolabyrinthine approaches, with a low incidence of complications. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the routine use of the retrosigmoid approach.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe relationship between central auditory nervous system dysfunction and hearing handicap was investigated in 30 older adults with mild losses of hearing sensitivity. Self-perceived hearing handicap was assessed with the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly. The degree of central auditory nervous system involvement was determined based on the magnitude of the discrepancy between the maximum scores obtained for PB-50 word lists and the Synthetic Sentence Identification test. Significant correlations were observed between self-perceived hearing handicap and central auditory nervous system status. These relationships were significant even while controlling for auditory sensitivity and age.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTA follow-up report on the dichotic digits test (DDT) demonstrates that this procedure has good sensitivity to central auditory nervous system (CANS) pathology while remaining relatively resistant to mild-to-moderate high-frequency cochlear hearing loss. The DDT's test-retest reliability and short administration time make it an attractive screening procedure for CANS disorders.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTClinical suspicion remains an underlying diagnostic clue in the evaluation of patients with unconfirmed acoustic neuromas. This is particularly true when initial otologic and audiologic evaluations are equivocal. This paper summarizes a series of four patients each who demonstrated normal audiometric (pure-tone and conventional speech audiometry) and/or ABR findings in the presence of surgically confirmed intracanalicular or cerebellopontine angle tumors. Three of the patients presented with evidence of “classical” acoustic tumors, whereas the fourth patient revealed a benign internal auditory canal capillary hemangioma. Audiologic evaluation, ABR measures, and MRI scanning demonstrate the relationships observed in each of the four patients. Diagnostic strategies illustrate the importance of cross-check principles (audiologic, electrophysiologic, and imaging techniques) in the diagnosis of posterior fossa tumors. The presence of normal pure-tone thresholds should not discourage the pursuit of additional diagnostic measures if clinical suspicion remains a factor in comprehensive patient management.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTChanging levels of sex hormones have been previously associated with clinical symptoms due to alterations of the respiratory mucosa. Aural manifestations, however, have not yet been studied in this regard.Eustachian tube swallow test and blood levels of estrogen were evaluated daily in 25 women undergoing induction of ovulation. Most women showed a near stable eustachian tube performance over a wide range of estrogen levels, particularly in the physiologic range. However, there is a moderate decrease in eustachian tube function with increasing estrogen levels in some women, manifested mainly at levels beyond that of the normal menstrual cycle.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID