摘要:

Properties of two hydrolases: β-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase were studied in lysosomal fractions of media-intima from arterial wall. These enzymatic activities change significantly with aging. In the arterial wall, the decrease in activities of β-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase between young and old rats was highly significant while there was no notable change in the activities of acid phosphatase. These data are in agreement with the metabolic slow-down and the modifications of the gylcos-aminoglycan distribution in the media-intima of arterial wall with ag

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212280

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Male and female inbred CBA mice were treated with different concentrations of p-fluorophenylalanine (pFPA) for 4 weeks and their subsequent longevity was recorded. Young males treated with 4 × 10-4M pFPA had their average longevity reduced by 123 days in comparison to controls, but a five-fold higher concentration had less effect. 1-year-old females treated with 4 × 10-4 M pFPA had their subsequent average longevity reduced by 77 days, and again a higher concentration had no significant effect. The longevity of 3- to 4-week-old females and 1-year-old males was also unaffected by the analogue. The control and treated mice were marked by ear punch and mixed in cages, so environmental effects could be largely discounted. The results indicate that the incorporation of an amino acid analogue into protein can reduce longevity, as predicted by the protein error theory of ageing. It is also clear that there is a complex interrelationship between the analogue dose, the age and sex of treated animals, which will require further stud

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212281

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We have compared the proteins from superior cervical sympathetic ganglia (SCSG) in young and old male Fischer rats. We have searched for the kinds of changes in protein size or charge which are predicted by such cellular aging theories as the error catastrophe theory, the somatic mutation theory, the cross-linkage theory, translational aging, the deamidation theory, and the autoimmune theory. SCSG from young (2 months to 1 year) and old (21–24 months) rats were labeled in vitro for 1 h with 14C-leucine prior to protein extraction for analysis. Protein analysis was on high-resolution, two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels using O’Farrell’s technique, with some modifications. Proteins were separated according to isoelectric point in one dimension and molecular weight in the second dimension. The changes predicted by the above aging theories were detected neither in the staining pattern, showing protein amounts, nor in the labeling pattern on autoradiographs of dried gels, showing newly synthesized proteins. The results suggest the possibility that, at least for rat, some other mechanisms for aging are pr

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212282

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Neuron density, volume of the area and total neuron number were measured in the medial preoptic area (MPOA), supraoptic nucleus (SO)paraventricular nucleus (PVN), anterior hypothalamic area (AHA), ventromedial nucleus (VMN), dorsomedial nucleus (DMN) and arcuate nucleus (ARN) of the hypothalamus in young adult female rats (3.5–5 months old) and in old female rats (over 24 months old). As age advances there is a tendency to increase in the volume of hypothalamic area and consequently decrease in the neuron density. However, loss of neuron due to aging occurs only in MPOA, AHA and ARN. The decrease in neuron number due to aging in these three areas ranged from 23 to 50%. No neuron loss due to aging was observed in SO, PVN, VMN and DMN. The physiological significance of neuron loss in MPOA, AHA and ARN is discusse

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212283

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Pituitaries obtained at autopsy from 18 men and 17 women, over 80 years of age, who died of various acute illnesses, were investigated histologically by various staining procedures, including the immunoperoxidase technique. Compared with pituitaries of 10 male and 10 female subjects who died of short-lasting diseases between 20 and 56 years of age, no involution of growth hormone cells was found in pituitaries of the older group. Incidence, distribution, granulation and immunoreactivity of growth hormone cells showed no apparent difference related to age and sex. Lack of regression of growth hormone cells with advancing age indicates that the pituitary can produce growth hormone in old subjects.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212284

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In this paper I consider three major difficulties associated with the general molecular theory of ageing, namely: (1) How can molecular damage accumulate in the face of the constellation of repair mechanisms that is found in cells? (2) How can the obvious programmatic nature of ageing be reconciled with underlying stochastic processes? (3) How do some organisms avoid ageing? As a solution to points 1 and 2, I propose that the repair mechanisms themselves deteriorate in a programmed fashion with age. However, I argue that this programming is unlikely to be a result of direct selection for life-shortening but, rather, is more likely to be a result of an indirect selection for other characters. This idea is very similar to the theory of senescence first formulated by Bidder. The solution to point 3 is that the repair mechanisms in systems which avoid ageing, in particular cellular and molecular turnover, are not impaired with age. The rejuvenating capacities of sexual and asexual reproduction are also discussed.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212285

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The usual features of Paget’s disease of bone, e.g. large head, deafness due to involvement of the 8th cranial nerve and bowing of the legs are all well described in text books of medicine. However, some features such as platybasia with neurological deficit, involvement of the 2nd, 5th and 7th cranial nerves, hydrocephalus, dementia, dysphasia, corrugation of the skull, bone pain (with or without associated osteo-arthrosis of hips and knees), heart failure, triradiate deformity of the pelvis have either had an inadequate or no description in books. These features are unusual, but it is important to recognise them, as the advances made since the introduction of the very promising new drugs in recent years have not only provided increasing insight into the disease, but also have improved management of patients with Paget’s disease of b

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212286

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Tetracosactrin (Synacthen) tests were performed on 19 elderly women who had leucocyte ascorbic acid (LAA) levels of less than 15 μg/l08 WBC. 9 were then given a daily dose of 200 mg ascorbic acid orally for 2 weeks while the other 10 were left untreated. Following this, tetracosactrin tests were repeated in both groups. All initial plasma cortisol responses to tetracosactrin were within normal limits. Treatment with ascorbic acid produced no changes in these. This suggests that the low LAA levels often found in old people do not result in adrenal insufficiency

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212287

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212288

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212289

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger