ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212584

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212585

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212587

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212588

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

It is now possible to measure the effect of drugs on CNS function in elderly patients by a number of methods. All are safe, non-invasive and cause minimal discomfort to volunteers. Each has disadvantages and no reliance should be made on one. Computerised Axial Tomography (CAT) scanning is insufficiently sensitive to be used in research but has a place in the selection of subjects. Cerebral blood flow studies with xenon-133 can also be used in this manner as well as to study the effects of drugs on cerebral activity. To date, this use has received insufficient attention. The principle investigative techniques are the Electroencephalogram (EEG) and psychomotor tests. The former is reliable, objective and can measure onset, duration of drug action, and the minimum effective dose. Psychomotor tests are given as a battery which should include tests of performance, memory and learning, visual analogue scales and physical tests such as the measurement of sway. Subject selection is perhaps the most important aspect, since it determines data interpretation. Experiments in drug therapy must be carefully designed and tests selected to answer specific questions before the first subject is enrolled. Bias must be reduced as far as possible by making the experiment double-blind with the code not broken until the results have been analysed. A placebo or a proven reference drug should be included.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212589

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212590

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212591

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212592

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The specific activities of NAD-linked isocitric dehydrogenase were determined in hypothalamus, cerebellum, pons and medulla, striatum, midbrain, and cerebral cortex (which included the hippocampus) of the female Wistar rat. In ageing the specific activities of this enzyme were decreased in all regions. Chronic treatment with manganese chloride from conception onwards for a period of over 2 years appeared to counteract these decreases during ageing. However, manganese had no apparent effect on the specific activities of this enzyme in different brain regions of 2-month-old animals.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212514

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

100 unselected brains of patients dying at the ages of 55–64 years were examined for the presence of Alzheimer type changes. These changes were found in 25 brains. This number is lower than that in a comparable investigation from Japan, but it is clearly above the number found in selected nondemented patients from England. Although none of the patients had suffered from an easily recognizable presenile dementia, an important proportion of them had been noted for unusual psychology. The occurrence of Alzheimer type changes was not dependent on the diseases the patients had suffered fro

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212515

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger