摘要:

Mechanisms underlying the decreased febrile response in the elderly have not been elucidated. One hypothesis is that elderly persons have a decreased response at the hypothalamic or peripheral effector level to endogenous pyrogen (EP). We studied the response to human monocyte-derived EP in young adult and aged Fischer 344 rats, a strain known to have an age-dependent decrease in the febrile response to endotoxin. EP was given intraperi-toneally to aged and young adult rats kept at 26°C (thermoneutral zone) or at 15°C (a mild cold stress), in order to accentuate possible peripheral thermoeffector defects. At 26°C, the febrile response in aged rats was similar to that in young adult rats. At 15°C, the febrile response was lower in both groups, but the aged rats did not differ from the young adult rats. When EP was given by intracerebroventricular injection to aged and young adult rats, at 26 or at 15°C, no differences in the febrile responses were noted. Thus, it appears that in aged Fischer rats the hypothalamic response and the peripheral effector response to EP are intact. Further studies on the production and release of EP by rat monocytes are needed to explain the diminished febrile response to endotoxin in the aged

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212723

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Aging may be a result of cells drifting away from their proper state of differentiation. This process has been called dysdifferentiation. Normal diploid cells grown in tissue culture conditions undergo numerous biochemical and morphological changes and have a finite division potential. These changes could be a result of such a dysdifferentiation process. Changes in the differentiated state of a cell are frequently manifested by the expression of genes that are normally repressed. Previous studies have shown about a two-fold age-dependent increase of alpha and beta globin-like RNA in mouse brain and liver tissues. Therefore, the possible presence and increase of globin RNA was investigated in the nonerythroid human diploid strain WI-38 grown in tissue culture as a function of population doublings. A DNA·RNA hybridization technique using specific complementary DNA (cDNA) to alpha and beta human globin was used to detect possible complementary RNA sequences in total cellular RNA preparations extracted from cells at population doublings of 26.4 and 46. No globin-like RNA sequences could be detected above background noise levels for either of these two passage numbers. Thus, the globin RNA genes appear to be highly repressed and this degree of repression maintained as the culture approaches its characteristic population doubling limit

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212724

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The amount and sequence complexity of RNA transcribed by the murine leukemia virus (MuLV) genome and to the α- and β-globin genes in thymus, brain and liver were measured throughout the life span of AKR mice using a cDNA·RNA hybridization technique. RNA complementary to the complete sequence of specific cDNA probes for both MuLV and globin was found in nuclei and cytoplasm of thymus, brain and liver at all ages studied. No significant age-dependent change in the amount or sequence complexity of globin RNA was detected. The amount of MuLV RNA in both nuclei and cytoplasm of thymus increased about five times from 2 to 5 months of age, but no significant change was observed over this age range in MuLV RNA from liver and brain. By the age of 10 months, most of the mice had developed leukemia and the thymus showed a further increase in the amount of MuLV RNA. Nuclear RNA from liver and brain then showed a significant increase in the amount of MuLV, but no change in the amount of MuLV was found in the cytoplasm. No qualitative age-dependent changes in the MuLV RNA sequence complexity in thymus, liver and brain were detected. These results suggest that in the AKR mouse strain for the three tissues studied, an age-dependent relaxation occurs in the repression of the MuLV genome but not for α- and β-globin genes. The rate of the derepression of MuLV genes in the short-lived AKR mouse strain appears similar to that of the long-lived C57BL/6J mouse strain. This age-dependent relaxation of MuLV genes appears to be limited to the nuclei. Thus, the presence of a specific regulatory system for the transport of MuLV RNA through the nuclear membrane which does not deteriorate with age is indic

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212725

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Myocardial responsiveness to catecholamines was evaluated by measuring isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities in myocardial particulate fractions from Fischer 344 rats of 3, 12, and 24 months of age. Dose-response curves of isoproterenol revealed a progressive increase in the activation constant (Kact) with advancing age. In addition, the maximal velocity (Vmax) for 12- and 24-month-old groups was about. 20–25% lower than for the 3-month-old group. Analysis of receptor-binding data and nonreceptor-mediated enzyme activities suggests that the age-related decrease in Vmax for isoproterenol may result from a loss of myocardial β-receptors, whereas the increase in Kact is probably due to a deficit in the postreceptor components of the receptor-cyclase compl

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212726

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Doppler-shifted ultrasound and spectral analysis were used to assess signals from augmented supraorbital and superficial temporal pulses, and the common carotid pulse 4 cm above the base of the neck of 658 (270 male, 388 female) asymptomatic subjects aged 5–90 years. The sonagrams obtained showed two peaks (A and B) during cardiac systole and the ratio of these peaks (A/B) decreased between the ages of 20 and 50 years, and then levelled out. Mean male values of common carotid sonagrams were significantly higher than female values during this age range (p < 0.001

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212727

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The study describes the prevalence of urinary incontinence and factors associated with incontinence among the population of Tampere aged 84/85 years (n = 320). 18% of the males were occasionally incontinent and 21% were daily incontinent. The corresponding figures for females were 20 and 21%, respectively. Incontinence was not associated with sex, living alone, parity, or outdoor toilet facilities. On the other hand, incontinence was found to be related to use of home nursing, home help or day hospital services, living in institutions, limitations in mobility, and the use of diuretics.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212728

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Although senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT) is the commonest cause of dementia in the elderly, it is important to recognise potentially reversible causes such as normal pressure hydrocephalus. This has been reported to occur in association with Paget’s disease of the skull, but would appear to be an extremely rare complication of this disease. To date 4 cases of successful surgical intervention in normal pressure hydrocephalus complicating Paget’s disease of skull have been reported. We report 3 cases which have presented to one Department of Geriatric Medicine during a 3-year period. Two cases were diagnosed prior to death and both responded well to ventriculo-peritoneal shunt

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212729

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212730

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212731

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212722

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger