摘要:

Immunoelectron microscopic investigations were carried out to study the substance P, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and somatostatin immunoreactive nerve elements in the wall of the small intestine. In young and old animals a large number of immunoreactive nerve fibers were found in all layers of the small intestine. They were observed closely to the epithelial cells, to the blood vessel basement membrane and to the smooth muscle cells and in some cases they were observed in a synapse with other unlabelled nerve fibers. On the other hand, in the senile animals very few immunoreactive nerve fibers were observed, calculated for a 100 μm2 tissue area. In the senile animals the overall number of nerve fibers was decreased in comparison to the young and old animals and most of them were in degeneration. This change could be the cause of the changes in the senescence-related epithelial transport processes and furthermore, of the modifications of the overall intestinal motility of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in the age-dependent transit rates

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212901

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Metabolic, endocrine and biochemical variables of female hamsters were studied to define age-related alterations in their characteristics. Endurance performance, aerobic capacity and metabolic fuels and hormones were measured and compared in young-adult (2–3 months) and old (16–17 months) hamsters to determine if the storage of substrates used in endurance exercise is altered with age, and if so, its effect on performance. The results indicate that storage of metabolic fuels are not appreciably altered with age, although voluntary running is markedly reduced. Other factors are likely involved in the hypoactivity of senescent female hamst

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212902

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To determine whether the decline in glucose tolerance with age is related to changes in peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity, 11 healthy older (65–85 years) and 12 healthy younger (20–38 years) subjects, matched for physical activity and body mass index, were studied. The glucose-insulin infusion technique, in which glucose and insulin are infused at constant rates over 150 min, was used to assess peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity. The metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of glucose, which reflects peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity, is derived from the resulting steady-state blood glucose. Fasting blood glucose was similar in the two groups, but mean blood glucose 2 h after an oral glucose load was higher in the older goup. MCR of glucose expressed per kilogram lean body mass was almost identical in both groups (13.3 ± 1.3 vs. 13.5 ± 1.3 ml/kg lean body mass/min, respectively). Evidence of decreased glucose tolerance with normal peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity suggests that changes in other factors may be more important than previously recog

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212903

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Recently it has been demonstrated that blood pressure in the elderly decreases after a meal. To evaluate the influence of antihypertensive treatment on postprandial blood pressure reduction in the elderly, the effects of a breakfast (405 kcal) on blood pressure and heart rate were studied in 15 healthy normotensive elderly subjects (mean age 79.5 ± 6.0 years), in 10 healthy hypertensive elderly subjects (mean age 80.2 ± 5.7 years) and in 22 hypertensive elderly subjects (mean age 71.4 ± 5.0 years) treated with antihypertensive medication (diuretics, β-blockers, vasodilators). In the three groups there was a fall of mean arterial blood pressure of 9.3 ± 1.9%, 13.8 ± 1.9% and 7.9 ± 1.3%, respectively, at 40 min after the start of the breakfast. In all three groups heart rate increased significantly. It is concluded that antihypertensive treatment with the regimens used in this study does not induce an additional fall of blood pressure postprandially. However, the influence of eating should be avoided in the assessment of antihypertensive drug effects in the e

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212904

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The results of recent ongoing research in Parkinson’s disease are outlined. Aspects discussed include histopathology, dementia, the MPTP animal model, methods of drug delivery, the new D2 agonist (+)-4-propyl-9-hydroxynaphthoxazine (PHNO) and transplantatio

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212905

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Iontophoresis was used to evaluate the peripheral reactivity of phenylephrine (α1-agonist), isoproterenol (β-agonist) and metacholine (cholinergic agonist) in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The cutaneous responses – erythema and blanching – were visually recorded. Healthy personnel, medical students and patients with various dermatoses served as controls. A reduced response towards the adrenergic agonists was seen in AD. The reduced sensitivity was highly significant for the β-agonist isoproterenol (p < 0.001), in contradistinction the metacholine response did not differ between AD and age-matched controls. Furthermore, increasing age did not seem to significantly influence the cutaneous responses in mentally healthy controls. Thus, a reduced peripheral adrenergic reactivity was observed in the patients suffering

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212906

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The signs, symptoms, alcohol history, and histological findings together with prognosis of 208 consecutive patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are presented in respect of age. 200 were followed for at least 1 year. 28% of patients first presented over age 60, 6% over 70 years. Signs and symptoms were more severe at presentation in the 70+-year-old age group than in the young patients though the elderly more often presented with symptoms not directly related to liver disease. Prognosis was age-related, 1 year mortality was 50% among cirrhotics over the age of 60 versus 7% under 60 years. Alcohol consumption at presentation was similar in all age groups with no evidence of a significant reduction in the elderly. The care of older patients with ALD will become an increasing problem in developed countries where alcohol consumption has continued to rise.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212907

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212908

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212909

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212910

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger