摘要:

The long bones and vertebral column of ageing mice were compared with controls. The length of the vertebral column and of its cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions did not change with age. Pelvis length and the length and width of the first lumbar vertebra also remained unaltered. The diameter of three of the long bones studied was increased in the senescent mice, although their length did not differ from those of the controls. These long bone changes are similar to those which occur in man and suggest that the laboratory mouse could serve as an experimental model of age-related bone loss.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213120

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Dietary cadmium chloride at concentrations of 1 × 10––4M or greater shorten the life span of Drosophila melanogaster by as much as 74%. The chelator, CDTA, inhibits the normal age-related cadmium accumulation in whole flies and also improves the median life span by 20%. These data are interpreted to indicate that dietary cadmium may be a determining factor for the onset of senesc

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213121

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Tendon fibres of different-aged rats were submitted to denaturation and their isometric and isotonic behaviour was recorded. The fit of the curves led to analytical expressions depending on the parameters which characterize the age of the subject. A rheological model is given which satisfies the experimental data and which is interpretable in a molecular way.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213122

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

(Na+-K+)-ATPase is an enzyme responsible for ionic homeostasis in excitable tissues. Thus, the activity of this enzyme is essential for the maintenance of optimal function of the cerebral cortex. Although abnormalities of cerebral oxidative metabolism have been described in aging, these abnormalities do not appear to be associated with changes in the in vitro enzyme characteristics of (Na+-K+)-ATPase. Specifically, there were no significant differences between preparations from the cerebral cortex of 3- and 28-month-old Fischer-344 rats in their: (i) high-affinity binding to [3H]-ouabain, (ii) number of ouabain-binding sites, or (iii) K+p-nitrophenylphosphatase activity.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213123

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Cerebral oxidative metabolism was studied in vivo by monitoring redox shifts of cytochrome c oxidase in response to direct electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortex in Fischer-344 rats at 3 and 28 months of age. Such activation results in a transient oxidation of cytochrome oxidase associated with brief increase in local cerebral blood volume. In aged rats, the rates of the transient redox responses of cytochrome oxidase (i.e. initial oxidation followed by re-reduction) are slowed by about 50% in comparison to young rats. Cortical norepinephrine was similar in both age-groups. However, while depletion of cortical norepinephrine causes slowing of the rate of re-reduction in young rats by about 50%, such depletion had no effect on the already slow kinetics of the redox shifts of aged rats. Vascular reactivity to increased metabolic demands, defined by the amplitude ratio of the blood volume increase to the cytochrome oxidation, is increased with age but attenuated by norepinephrine depletion in both age-groups. These results suggest that: (1) cerebral cortical levels of norepinephrine do not decline with age in the Fischer-344 rat; (2) development of an age-related impairment in the capability of cerebral oxidative metabolism to respond to conditions of heightened metabolic demands; (3) such impairment is not worsened by depletion of cerebral norepinephrine; (4) exaggerated vascular reactivity to increased metabolic requirement in aging indicates decreased provision of oxygen and metabolic substrates, and (5) this vascular reactivity is mediated by central noradrenergic mechanisms.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213124

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A prospective study of post-operative morbidity in 258 elderly general surgical patients is reported. In 35% of patients no post-operative complications developed. Respiratory, wound and cardiac complications were the leading types of post-operative morbidity encountered, occurring in 39.5, 16.3, and 12.4% of patients, respectively. Life-threatening complications developed after surgery in 18.6% of patients, and the post-operative mortality rate (excluding ‘non-viable’ patients) was 5.8%. A statistical analysis of the effect of sex, age, urgency of surgery, type of surgery, and patient fitness on the pattern of post-operative morbidity revealed a number of significant associations which have not been previously identified in the elderly surgical pati

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213125

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Two groups of elderly subjects were taught a standard mnemonic to improve a common memory complaint among elders, face-name recall. One group (imagery group) was first taught techniques to improve visual imagery ability before learning the mnemonic while the other group (control group) was taught a nonspecific method to improve attitudes before learning the mnemonic. Overall performance on face/name recall was significantly better in the imagery group than in the control group. These results may have implications for the use of imagery based mnemonics for memory training in elderly populations.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213126

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This paper describes the diverse complications of Paget’s osteopathy. Lesions arising from changes in the bone per se, those due to secondary anatomical changes, and metabolic abnormalities, are discussed in relation to their presentation, frequency, and severity. Important complications involving the skeletal structures and nervous system are described. Sarcomatous change in the abnormal bone remains the most serious lesion. Some changes recognised for decades, such as high output heart failure, are very rare. Other less-well-recognised features, including hyperuricaemia, may be common enough to justify simple screening tests for their detection whenever Paget’s disease presents clinica

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213127

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213128

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger