摘要:

Ageing and rearing temperature effects on the melanotic tumour development in Drosophila melanogaster are examined in the C-104 strain. The incidence of tumour development is disclosed to increase as female flies get older. It was also shown that the shift-up of the rearing temperature to a restrictive one of 29 °C at the adult stage results in a remarkable increase in tumour development. These results indicate that environmental factors accompanied by ageing seem to be involved in the tumour development in this strain as well as genetic factors. The organ-specific melanotic tumour is described for the first time, and the origin of tumour in the C-104 strain is discussed

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213186

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In the bruchid Caryedon serratus, life span of males was longer than that of females. Catalase showed an increasing trend with age in both the sexes but the increase was higher in males. However, an opposite trend was observed for lipid peroxide levels. A rapid decline of NADH and succinate dehydrogenases in females is indicative of early depletion of food reserves due to the higher metabolic rate. Thus, in C. serratus, the factors contributing to relatively higher life span of males are efficient homeostatic defence mechanisms and low oxidative damage in males, early maturity and more reproductive demands in females.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213187

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The strategy which Nature has chosen to generate complex, asymmetric structures has been to build on previously established structures and to render the internal chemistry asymmetric by a close association with asymmetrically distributed, stable topological organizers. This is what we call the strategy of directed assembly. Ageing and the strategy of directed assembly seem to be general for biological systems displaying history-dependent development. We believe that it is this strategy which imposes severe limitations on topological organizer turnover rates and, therefore plays a major role in initiating the ageing process.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213188

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A prospective longitudinal study of thyroid function was conducted in 180 consecutive admissions to an acute geriatric unit. The rest strategy included assay of TSH and TRH testing when appropriate. On admission TSH was suppressed ( 4.0 mU/l) in 8 (4.4%). Follow-up of these initial abnormalities showed resolution in almost all cases. Our findings suggest that acute illness may interfere with the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, causing either temporary suppression or stimulation of TSH release. Although no new cases of thyroid disease were diagnosed, the prevalence of established dysfunction was 3.3% (2.7% hypothyroid; 0.6% hyperthyroid). To avoid misleading results, testing of thyroid dysfunction should be delayed until recovery from illness.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213189

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

21 patients (54 ± 7 years old) with early cognitive deficit (ECD) during the presenile stage of presumptive primary degenerative dementia (mild stage) and 14 patients (54 ± 4 years old) with early cognitive deficit with a background of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were examined in a labyrinth learning test of Milner (modified by Roth). 15 patients in the ECD group made 3 times more errors to negative fields (p < 0.01), about 10 times more errors to positive fields (p < 0.01) and needed treble the amount of time for passing through the labyrinth (p < 0.01) compared with a healthy control group (51 ± 4 years). A further 6 patients of the ECD group had no success in performing the labyrinth test. The CVD group was not different from the control group in making errors, but slower (p < 0.05). The labyrinth test is found suitable for a more precise diagnosis of early cognitive deficit in the early stage of a primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer ty

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213190

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This paper examines the relationship between agitation and medical and psychiatric diagnoses. Agitation marked by aggressive behaviors (e.g., hit, kick) was related to dementia and impairments in activities of daily living. Physically nonaggressive behaviors (e.g., pacing, disrobing inappropriately) correlated with cognitive impairment, fewer medical diagnoses, and absence of a hearing loss. Verbally agitated behaviors (e.g., constant complaints) were manifested by residents with more physical diagnoses, mental disease (other than schizophrenia and affective disorders), more reported pain, and higher cognitive functioning than the population as a whole.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213191

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) may occur outside the commonly accepted age range. Data relating to features of MS in a population in South Wales have been analysed to find features which characterise older patients. The older patients are more severely disabled due to the accumulation of visual defects and motor signs and symptoms. The course of the disease is marked by single localised attacks with long remissions. Those with onset over 50 years deteriorate more rapidly, but in those who were over 50 at the time of interview, this did not occur. It is suggested that there is no essential difference in MS in older patients, but there may be features which reflect normal ageing and diseases commoner in old age.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213192

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Protein malnutrition is associated with a decreased febrile and acute phase response to infection and increased mortality. To elucidate a cause for this poor response, we assessed the effect of chronic protein malnutrition on monocyte production of the pyrogens interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Thirteen malnourished nursing home residents, 11 age-matched controls, and 9 young controls were studied. Production of IL-1 and TNF in vitro was not diminished in the malnourished group when compared with the age-matched and young controls. Causes other than diminished IL-1 or TNF production should be sought to explain decreased resistance to infection in the malnourished nursing home resident.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213193

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The elderly are at risk of developing hypernatraemia because of age-related changes in renal function and body composition. The pathophysiology and aetiology of hypernatraemia are reviewed with emphasis on iatrogenic factors. A rational approach to management is discussed and clear guidelines for treatment described.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213194

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000213195

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger