ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-199204000-00001

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new system of infrared oculography has been developed which provides binocular recordings and allows simultaneous measurement of horizontal and vertical eye movements. The sensitivity of the system is 1 minute of arc, and it has a horizontal range of ± 30 degrees and a vertical range of ± 20 degrees. Using this system for routine clinical evaluations, it was possible to record divergent spontaneous nystagmus and divergent thermally induced nystagmus. Rotatory nystagmus can also be recorded. The binocular infrared oculographic system (BIRO) satisfies nearly all the requirements of an ideal recording syste

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-199204000-00002

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough computerized tomography (CT) is valuable for evaluating head and neck pathology, it can be suboptimal when evaluating the presence or extent of mandibular and maxillary involvement by tumor, infection, or other pathology. The presence of dental restoration artifact, CT gantry positioning problems, and the inability to obtain cross‐sectional images will diminish the accuracy of standard CT images.A program, termed either DentaScan™ or multiplanar reformation (CT/MPR), eliminates these problems by processing axial CT scan information to obtain true cross‐sectional images and panoramic views of the mandible and maxilla.In this study, DentaScan imagery was used in 26 patients whose mandibles or maxillas were affected by tumor, osteomyelitis, or other pathology. CT scanning with multiplanar reformation proved useful in the precise location, assessment, monitoring, and treatment of various pathologies of the mandible and maxilla. Selected case studies illustrate the therapeutic implications and advantages of this new imaging tech

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-199204000-00003

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBithermal caloric irrigations, low‐frequency rotational chair stimulation, and posturography were performed on 20 patients before and after vestibular nerve section. Twelve patients demonstrated acute postoperative spontaneous nystagmus and rotational vestibulo‐ocular reflex (VOR) asymmetry. Eight patients demonstrated minimal acute postoperative spontaneous nystagmus and VOR asymmetry. Four patients had suppression of all vestibular function characterized by an absent contralateral caloric response, low VOR gain, and falls on posturography when required to rely solely on vestibular input to maintain posture. Four patients had a severe preoperative vestibular loss and no acute change in vestibular function following surgery. Over time, 5 patients continued to manifest elevated spontaneous nystagmus, 2 patients manifested a persistent rotational VOR asymmetry, and 5 patients exhibited a return of caloric function in the operated ear. It is suggested that multiple clinical factors contributed to the variable vestibular responses demonstrated in this st

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-199204000-00004

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFourteen children and three adults, each congenitally and prelinguistically deaf, received the Nucleus® multichannel implant. All underwent extensive evaluations and rehabilitation. The surgery was uneventful, and no patients have been lost to follow‐up.Results have shown a significant increase in auditory and speech reception and perception skills in all children. Some children have open‐set speech recognition using the prosthesis alone. The adults have shown an increased awareness of sound along with minimal improvement in perceptual skills.This supports the concept that early implantation of congenitally and prelinguistically deaf individuals results in improved perform

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-199204000-00005

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBotulinum toxin has been previously reported to be successful in the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia. To objectively document results, 11 patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia who received unilateral treatment of the thyroarytenoid muscle were studied. Acoustic analyses and airflow rates during sustained phonation and flexible videoendoscopy were performed prior to, 1 week and 1 month after injection.1.Acoustic parameters demonstrated significant voice improvement, although abnormal characteristics remained.2.Mean airflow rates were increased 1 week after injection with almost normal values 1 month later.3.Videolaryngoscopy showed an effective reduction of intrinsic laryngeal muscle hyperfunction with less effect on extrinsic muscle activity. Interrelations between videolaryngoscopic rating scores, acoustic results and aerodynamic results are discussed.

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-199204000-00006

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe technique of inferior mastoidectomy‐hypotympanic dissection, with preservation of the middle and inner ear structures, has been established for radical surgical removal of glomus tumors involving the skull base.In order to study the gross anatomic differences and correlate with the computed tomography (CT) scan, 20 human temporal bones were dissected and accurate measurements between vital structures were made. This study revealed a wide variation in distances between the neurovascular structures, whereas the distances between inner ear structures were not statistically different.This original study of critical distances of gross topographic anatomical structures and CT correlation is very helpful indeed in the understanding of variations found in the surgical removal of lesions involving this important and challenging area of the skull base.The inferior mastoidectomy‐hypotympanic dissection has been performed in the removal of six suitable tumors involving the jugular bulb area. This technique, combined with upper cervical dissection, is very useful for the radical removal of such neoplasms with preservation of external and middle ear structures as well as the function of the facial, eighth, and other lower cranial ner

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-199204000-00007

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVocal function was assessed in 15 patients who received thyroplasty type I for the rehabilitation of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. The function was assessed by perceptual evaluation, voice intensity and frequency range profiles, and questionnaire. Goals of the study were to evaluate the efficacy of thyroplasty in improving the voice, to compare postoperative thyroplasty voices to normal voices, and to correlate objective measurements to the results of the questionnaire regarding satisfaction with the voice. Perceptual evaluations were performed by randomizing normal and thyroplasty voices on a recording tape. The voices on the tape were then rated by independent, blinded, trained listeners. The perceptual qualities of pitch, intonation, and loudness were not statistically different than normals; however, voice qualities of strain, breathiness, hoarseness, harshness, and unsteadiness were different than normals. Mean frequency range and mean intensity range were moderately to severely reduced from normals with a wide variation being present in the results. The correlation between the higher threshold phonation pressures and decreased intensity ranges found in some patients is discussed.Questionnaire results indicated that a high degree of satisfaction with the surgery was present (92%). Extreme or general satisfaction with voice was present in 73%. The most difficult voicing was experienced at work, with 25% needing to adjust their employment to accommodate their voice abilities. These results indicate that thyroplasty type I is effective in partially rehabilitating unilateral voice fold paralysis. Voice function is still not normal, probably in part due to the underlying disease.

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-199204000-00008

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractControversy exists concerning indications for primary hyperparathyroidism surgery, tests to localize parathyroid tumors, pathologic criteria for adenoma and hyperplasia, and unilateral versus bilateral surgery for hyperparathyroidism.Seventy cases were reviewed. Results of localization tests, sites of aberrant tumors, symptoms, complications, and ratio of adenoma to hyperplasia will be presented. The foreseeable trends are continued improvement in localization techniques, earlier intervention in the disease spectrum, unilateral exploration for adenoma and bilateral surgery for hyperplasia, and acceptance of primary nodular hyperplasia and normal size with hypercellularity as pathologic entities in primary parathyroid hyperplasia.

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-199204000-00009

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOsteoblastic osteitis is a rare kind of bone infection typified by a proliferative reaction of the periosteum and by exuberant bone formation. In the maxillary sinus, it occurs as a consequence of chronic or recurrent sinusitis. It usually manifests with a vague facial discomfort, followed by complications in the deep facial spaces or fossae. The diagnosis is a radiological one. Eradication of this bone infection necessitates removal of the precipitating condition as well as the long‐term administration of appropriate antibiotics. In the case of a deep facial fossae abscess, drainage is mandator

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-199204000-00010

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY