摘要:

In this paper we report on a patient with accelerated hypertension associated with a totally obstructed right renal artery and a severe constricted left one. In this ‘two-kidney, two-clip’ model of renovascular hypertension, captopril in combination with severe sodium restriction was not effective, possibly as a consequence of overloading with sodium and water due to a low renal perfusion pressure at the left side. Transluminal renal artery dilatation changed this ‘two-kidney, two-clip’ into a ‘two-kidney, one-clip’ model of renovascular hypertension, which subsequently responded well to captopril treatment. Some pathophysiological mechanisms involved are briefl

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182433

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Sephadex G-25 (SG-25) chromatography of normal and uremic (U) sera yielded three (A, B, C) optically active (280 nm) fractions. Only fraction B disclosed a substantial increase in uremia that could not be counteracted by routine hemodialysis. Although middle molecules (MM) might be included in all SG-25 fractions (B > C > A), none of them was exclusively composed of MM. Solutes in U fraction B and C were found to be (a) heat stable; (b) soluble in ethanol; (c) diffusible through a Visking membrane, and (d) adsorbed by activated charcoal. Solutes in U fraction B and C and those in a toxic ethanol U serum extract could be partially or entirely recovered in the same Dowex fractions which were obtained by Dowex chromatography of native U sera. Methodical pitfalls leading to misinterpretation of molecular weight data obtained by SG chromatography and to erroneous classification of MM are also thoroughly discussed in this paper.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182434

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Systemic and renal hemodynamics and body fluid volumes were evaluated in 48-hour uninephrectomized (UNX) and sham-operated (SO) rats, 3 h after glycerol-induced acute renal failure (ARF). UNX rats showed a 20% increase in cardiac output (CO) and renal blood flow (RBF) and a 20% decrease in total peripheric resistance (TPR) and renal vascular resistance (RVR) with respect to the control rats. There was no difference in body fluid volumes. 3 h after ARF induction UNX rats showed a minor decrease in RBF and GFR and a minor increase in RVR when compared with the control rats. CO decreased to similar levels in both UNX and SO rats. Mean arterial pressure and TPR increases were observed in UNX and SO rats but these increases were higher in the UNX than in the SO rats. Plasma and extracellular volumes were reduced in both groups of rats. The partial protection afforded by the renal mass reduction against the glycerol-induced ARF seem to be explained by the minor decrease in RBF and the lesser increase in RVR exhibited by the UNX rats after ARF induction.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182435

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To determine whether saline loading actually protects against acute renal failure, both Gn and BUN were measured in rats drinking either tap water or 1% saline for 1–3 months. At 24 and 48 h after an injection of 10 ml/kg i.m. of 50% glycerol in water, Gn was equally reduced in saline-drinking and water-drinking rats as compared to uninjected rats. The daily intraperitoneal injection of saline for 1–3 months also was not protective. At 48 hours after glycerol injection, the BUN concentration in saline-drinking rats was significantly lower than in water-drinking rats. This was probably due to the greater renal urea clearance in these animals. We conclude from these findings that saline loading does not protect against glycerol-induced acute renal failure in the rat although it affects the Curea and BUN concentrat

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182436

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Lithium carbonate was used intraperitoneally to produce an experimental model of renal lesion in Wistar rats. When injected in smaller doses it resulted in proximal tubule cell damage, whereas higher doses produced both proximal and distal tubular cell changes followed by a progressive glomerular lesion. It has also been demonstrated that smaller doses of lithium carbonate, in the presence of serum sickness, resulted in a severe progressive glomerulo-nephritis and proximal tubule cell damage. The probable underlying mechanism responsible for the glomerular and tubular lesions is also discussed.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182437

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Peritoneal dialysis is used frequently in the treatment of patients having renal failure. A 43-year-old patient developed acute abdominal symptoms 7 days after completion of peritoneal dialysis. Celiotomy demonstrated peritonitis with presence of starch powder. Resolution occurred rapidly after removal of the powder. Starch peritonitis after peritoneal dialysis can be obviated by careful washing of gloves. It can be managed without operative intervention. Peritonitis due to starch dusting powder can occur as a complication of peritoneal dialysis.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182438

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 31-year-old patient with tuberous sclerosis and severe chronic renal failure is described. At autopsy the kidneys demonstrated macroscopic cysts. Both chronic renal failure and renal cysts have been only rarely reported in association with tuberous sclerosis. This case and a review of the literature suggest that in patients with tuberous sclerosis, chronic renal failure is much more likely when renal cystic changes are present (with or without hamartomas) than when renal hamartomas are present alone.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182439

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An unusual case of hypertension in a female that was normalized by the administration of conjugated estrogens is reported. During the period when no estrogens were administered, marked sodium retention was noted with an associated increase in sensitivity to the vasopressive effect of infused catecholamines and an increase in the electronegativity of the colonic mucosal potential difference. These findings suggested the presence of a mineralocorticoid influence that was reversed by estrogen therapy. The increase in arteriolar sensitivity occurred despite normal serum concentrations of aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone and 18-hydroxy 11-deoxycorticosterone and paralleled the sodium-retaining state. All these abnormalities were corrected with estrogen administration.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182440

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 61-year-old man with amyloidosis on rectal biopsy and clinical evidence of renal amyloidosis developed hypεrchloremic metabolic acidosis. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus was confirmed by the arginine-vasopressin test. The patient was shown to be hyporeninemic. As isolated hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism was suspected, mineralocorticoid replacement was given, which resulted in correction of acidosis. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of selective hypoaldosteronism associated with renal amyloidosis.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182441

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182442

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger