摘要:

Chronic Adriamycin® (ADR) nephropathy is invariably associated with glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. To investigate the hypothesis that severe albuminuria plays a role in the pathogenesis of both processes, we purified the protein from conditioned media of rats with advanced ADR nephropathy and tested the fibrogenic effect on renal fibroblasts and mesangial cells in vitro. Albumin was purified by pseudoligand chromatography and was identified on the basis of the NH2 amino terminus. Furthermore, it was differentiated from the urinary homologue, being more anionic and more fatted while maintaining a conserved peptide composition. The exposure of renal cells to renal albumin induced a dose-dependent reduction in collagen synthesis with a half-maximal decrease with 0.2 µg/ml of albumin. With renal albumin levels of 0.4 µg/ml the collagen incorporation of 3H-proline by mesangial cells and renal fibroblasts (primary cultures and cell lines) was reduced by 76, 81 and 45% respectively. A qualitative analysis by SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation of radiolabelled collagens demonstrated a drastic and unselective decrease in all major collagens synthesized by mesangial cells and fibroblasts, including type I, III and V. Previous immunoprecipitation of the protein with anti-rat albumin antibodies completely reversed this phenomenon. Finally, albumin purified from urines of rats with ADR nephropathy downregulated the synthesis by renal cells of the same collagens but this effect was less evident compared to renal albumin. These findings demonstrate that renal albumin drastically reduces the synthesis of collagens by mesangial cells and renal fibroblasts, this effect being most evident on those components which constitute the extracellular matrix in glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. We hypothesize that renal albumin per se protects rather than aggravates renal pathology in models of progressive renal disea

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000188399

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The role of T cell-mediated immunity in the early phase of nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTN) was examined by transfer of pan T, CD8-positive, and CD4-positive cells. The disease was induced by transferring rabbit sγ-globulin (RGG)- sensitized T cells to nude (rnu/rnu) rats pretreated with a subnephritogenic dose (a dose insufficient to cause proteinuria) of nephrotoxic serum. Mild but abnormal proteinuria was detected, and macrophages showed significant accumulation in glomeruli. Transfer of not only RGG-sensitized CD4-positive cells but also CD8-positive cells separated by the Tcell markers OX8 and OX38 using the panning method caused an increased accumulation of macrophages in isolated glomeruli. No host antibody against rabbit immunoglobulins was demonstrated either in glomeruli by immunofluorescence or sera by ELISA in the early disease phase. These findings support a pathological role of T cells in initiation of glomerular injury in NTN

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000188400

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Glomemlar mesangial cells are considered to be modified smooth muscle cells and seem to play a role in the maintenance of glomemlar hemodynamics. The present study was carried out to determine the effect of opioids on adhesiveness, spreading and migration of mesangial cells. Morphine enhanced spreading of mesangial cells at early time periods (5 min, control 8 ± 2% vs. morphine 15+1%, p < 0.05; 15 min, control 21 ± 5% vs. morphine 38 ± 2%, p < 0.05) as well as at later time periods when compared to control cells (at 2 h, control 23 ± 1% vs. morphine 49+1%, p < 0.001; at 3 h, control 28 ± 3% vs. morphine 63 ± 2%, p < 0.05). β-Endorphin also enhanced (p < 0.001) spreading of mesangial cells (at 2 h, control 23 ± 1% vs. β-endorphin 48 ± 3%; at 3 h, control 28 ± 3% vs. β-endorphin 65 ± 1%). Morphine decreased adhesion of mesangial cells to the plastic substrate at 24 h as well at 48 h when compared to the control cells. Naloxone attenuated the effect of morphine on adhesion to the substrate. Morphine enhanced (p < 0.05) migration (percentage of denuded area covered by mesangial cells when compared to control cells (control 26.07 ± 1.08% vs. morphine 37.5 ± 2.94%; n=9). Since the morphine-induced decreased adhesiveness could be attenuated by naloxone, this effect of morphine on mesangial cells appears to be mediated by op

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000188401

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1)-like immunoreactivity in selective renal venous blood and peripheral venous blood was measured and compared with plasma renin activity and aldosterone level in a 26-year-old woman with suspected renovascular hypertension due to stenosis of the left renal artery. Although there was no significant step-up in plasma renin activity between the right and the left renal vein, left/right ratio of plasma ET-1 in the renal vein was 2.18. This case suggests that ET-1 may be one of the hypertensive mechanisms of suspected renovascular hypertension in addition to the renin-angiotensin system.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000188402

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We report on 2 cases of renal oncocytoma occurring in a liver transplant patient and in a kidney allograft recipient, respectively, during the posttransplant period. This neoplasm has never been reported in transplant patients; its relationship with long-term immunosuppressive therapy is questioned.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000188403

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The appearance of a circumferential, subcapsular, hypoechoic rim of renal tissue on ultrasonography of a renal transplant was subsequently shown to be due to acute cortical infarction as a result of severe acute rejection.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000188404

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We report a 42-year-old man who showed alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis as well as episcleritis and skin rash. He had an extremely high titer of cytoplasm-staining antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (C-ANCA) and was diagnosed as having systemic vasculitis based on histological findings of kidney and skin biopsies. After immunosuppressive therapy clinical manifestations resolved within several weeks and C-ANCA titers commensurably declined. C-ANCA titers, however, increased again and remained high despite clinical remission. In general, there is a close relationship between ANCA titers and clinical activities in ANCA-associated diseases, but they displayed a large discrepancy in this patient. Indeed, the serum of the patient in remission contained the antibody against 29-kD neutrophil extracts which was detected by immunoblot analysis. These findings suggest that C-ANCA may not necessarily be, by itself, pathogenetic for the development of the vasculitis.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000188405

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Previous experience showed that sucrose ingestion exceeding 50% of total calories consistently increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) in rats, but ingesting 36 or 13% of calories as sucrose did not. In fact, the mean SBP of rats ingesting 36% of calories as sucrose was not different from rats ingesting 13% of calories as sucrose. This was not the case in the present study where the dietary salt content was increased. Adding dietary salt (NaCl) to raise low concentrations of Na (0.14% wt/wt) to higher concentrations (0.80% wt/wt) in diets with 36 and 13% of calories from sucrose significantly elevated SBP in spontaneously hypertensive rats eating both diets, but significantly more in the former. Accordingly, an interplay exists between sugar and salt in SBP regulation, and it is suggested that amounts of sugar characteristically consumed by an average human are capable of increasing BP. Composition of diets, especially with respect to sugar and salt, should be considered when interpreting results from studies on various aspects of hypertension.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000188406

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000188407

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000188408

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger