摘要:

The influence of postural changes on renal function was determined in 13 patients with nephroptosis and in 5 normal subjects by measuring GFR in the erect and supine positions. The result indicate that GFR was reduced in the erect position in 10 of 13 patients with either unilateral or bilateral nephroptosis whereas GFR was increased in the erect position in 4 of 5 patients without renal disease. One patient with bilateral nephroptosis and renovascular hypertension was studied before and after surgical correction of his desease. These observations indicate that patients with nephroptosis may have significant reductions in renal function when they assume an upright position, and suggest that GFR measurements in the supine and erect position in patients with nephroptosis can be helpful in evaluating this disease.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180598

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A study has been made to assess the incidence of hypertension in patients who have suffered an episode of renal trauma sufficiently severe to cause haematuria. Sixty-three patients were studied and 63 age- and sex-matched controls were also studied. At follow-up, 6–138 months after injury, 13 of the patients who had suffered renal trauma and 12 of the control subjects had a diastolic blood pressure above 90 mm Hg. Three patients showed significant reduction in the size and volume of the previously damaged kidney. In this group, renal trauma did not appear to be associated with an increased risk of permanent hypertensio

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180599

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The plasma-ionized calcium levels decreased during haemodialysis when a dialysate calcium concentration of 5 mg/100 ml was used. When dialysis was performed with a bath calcium concentration of 7.5 mg/100 ml, there was a significant increase in the plasma-ionized calcium levels in the post-dialysis period. These results are discussed in relation ot the optimal dialysate calcium concentrations and development of dialytic bone disease.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180600

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ischaemic renal failure in the dog was studied by clamping one renal artery for 2 h in 18 animals. Total renal blood flow was measured for 3 h after this and only reduced by about 30%. Fine detail renal angiography showed a normal cortical perfusion pattern. Urine flow rates and creatinine clearances from these kidneys, however, were found to be grossly impaired over this period. Seven days later the angiogram of the oliguric kidney remained normal. Two-hour unilateral renal ischaemia in the dog leads to a form of acute renal failure with a striking disparity between glomerular perfusion and clearance, arguing against a primary circulatory defect.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180601

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of p-aminohippurate (PAH) on electrolyte clearances were measured in 8 human volunteers. At plasma PAH levels used to measure renal plasma flow, the only significant increase was in sodium clearance, while with PAH levels used to measure maximum tubular secretion, the clearances of sodium, potassium and phosphorus were all significantly increased. The natriuresis combined with a depression of free water clearance and the absence of a chloruresis led to the conclusion that PAH- changed the anion composition of the filtrate delivered to the ascending limb, thus interfering with coupled Na+ reabsorption. This finding must be taken into account when electrolyte excretion is being measured during PAH infusion. A similar mechanism may operate in patients with chronic uremia whose endogenous hippurate level is increased.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180602

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Examination of the renal pelves of late fetal and neonatal kidneys shows that in about one quarter of the calyces examined the arrangement is similar to that in the rat, the outer medulla being separated from the calyceal cavity by a very thin epithelium. It is suggested that this presents a vulnerable area through which intrarenal damage can occur as a result of vesico-ureteric reflux in the immature kidney.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180603

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Frozen sections of human kidneys were studied with a modified technique after Todd [22] (fibrinogen slides). Urokinase activity could be demonstrated in the juxtamedullary region (venae arcuatae, venae interlobulares, vasa recta) and in the epithelium of the calyces. Urokinase activity was specifically blocked by highly purified urokinase antibodies.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180604

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Peritonitis and bowel perforation are the most serious complications of peritoneal dialysis. This paper reports our experience with these two complications among 87 patients who were admitted to our program during a 3.5-year period and were treated with chronic peritoneal dialysis for periods up to 38 months (average 9 months). Approximately 6,000 dialyses were performed. Peritonitis occurred seven times in six patients (0.1%) and five patients had six episodes of bowel perforation (0.1%). All patients were successfully managed with conservative treatment, consisting of continuous peritoneal dialysis and intraperitoneal and systemic antibiotics. Careful aseptic technique seems to be the only necessary factor in prevention of peritonitis.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180605

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The renal biopsies of 15 patients affected by polydipsia syndromes were examined under light and electron microscopes. The authors contend that the observed renal lesions (dilatation of the glomerular loops, tubular cell hypertrophy and vacuolization, and basal membrane swelling) are the morphologic result of tubular hyperfunction in the service of ion reabsorption. This, in turn, is secondary to the increased GFR.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180606

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A case of actinomyces peritonitis occurring in a young girl undergoing regular dialytic treatment is reported. The peritoneal localization was the only one detectable and occurred in a patient who at the beginning of the dialytic treatment had received peritoneal dialysis on two occasions. During 4 months of treatment the patient underwent surgical drainage of the peritoneal fluid and medical treatment with various antibiotics. Superinfection with Escherichia coli and Candida, and an acute episode of bronchopneumonia, complicated the course of the treatment which was finally successful.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180607

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger