摘要:

Renal biopsies from 21 patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome and mesangial IgM deposits were investigated by means of fluorescence, light and electron microscopy; elution of tissue-bound antibody; and fixation of heterologous (guinea pig) complement. In 12 patients complement and IgM deposits were associated and, in 4 of these, electron dense deposits conforming to immune complexes were detected in mesangia. Antibody elution and heterologous complement fixation studies in tissues suggested that such immune reactants may represent interaction of complement-fixing antibody and antigen. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to determine the clinical relevance of IgM deposits in minimal change nephrotic syndrome.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182071

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The neurosympathetic responsiveness of two groups of uremics, each group treated for the same mean time by dialysis, categorized as normotensive, mean age 28.3 ± (SE) 3 years, or dialysis hypotension-prone, mean age 49.6 ± 5 years, was studied by determining plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine before and after postural activation of the sympathetic reflex arc. The study was performed on an interdialysis day and repeated 20 min before and after a regular dialysis on the following day. Standing caused norepinephrine to rise significantly in both the normotensive and the hypotension-prone groups and to a similar extent as in a control nonuremic group. Blood pressure did not change and the heart rate increased significantly. Plasma norepinephrine before dialysis 24 h later behaved in the same way, but both blood pressure and heart rate were unchanged. After dialysis, in spite of the usual increase in norepinephrine after standing, patients in the hypotension-prone group became hypotensive. These results suggest that there is a normal sympathetic responsiveness in uremics whatever their propensity for intradialysis hypotension. Moreover, dialysis does not seem to have an acute effect on the neurosympathetic response to a hypotensive stimulus. Dialysis-dependent hypotension, which appears to be more frequent in older subjects, probably reflects an impairment of the vasoconstrictor response of the vascular wall acutely induced by dialysis itsel

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182072

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The records of 151 patients receiving long-term dialysis for an average of 66 months were reviewed to determine the incidence of malignancy. Nine cancers were found among 148 male patients. 8 of these 9 patients were smokers. This finding is significantly higher than expected (3.6 cases, p < 0.0137) for exposure-specific and age-specific controls of the same sex.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182073

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Renal tissue from 71 patients with membranous glomerulonephritis was studied for the presence of renal tubular antigens in glomerular deposits by indirect immunofluorescence, using a rabbit antiserum prepared against a human renal tubular antigen, Fx1A. The rabbit antiserum was reactive with antigens normally present in the brush border regions of proximal tubules of human and rat kidneys and in the glomerular deposits of rats with Heymann nephritis. However, renal tubular antigens were not detectable in any of the cases of human membranous glomerulonephritis, either before or after partial elution of immunoglobuhns from glomeruh. Eluates of renal tissue from 5 of the patients and sera from 6 patients did not contain antibodies against renal tubular antigens demonstrable by immunofluorescence. These findings fail to provide evidence for a role of renal tubular antigens in human membranous glomerulonephritis.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182074

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Gross vesico-ureteric reflux is the essential pathogenetic factor in the etiology of the small, scarred kidney of non-obstructive, chronic pyelonephritis (reflux nephropathy). 18 (12.5%) of 144 patients entering a dialysis-transplant programme had end-stage reflux nephropathy. The majority of patients initially presented with severely impaired renal function, hypertension and significant proteinuria. Documented urinary tract infections had only occurred in one-third of the patients. 8 of the 12 women presented during a pregnancy, usually with a presentation resembling toxaemia of pregnancy. Reflux nephropathy is a significant cause of end-stage chronic renal failure.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182075

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The transfer of bacteria and endotoxin and the development of fever was monitored during hemodialysis of dogs. Bacterial and endotoxin levels in dialysis fluids exceeded those reportedly associated with pyrogenic reactions, and bacteria-free dialysate filtrates administered intravenously were shown to be pyrogenic in 2 of 2 dogs. During 18 hollow-fiber dialyses, neither bacteria nor endotoxin, as measured in the Limulus lysate assay (LLA), was detected in venous and arterial blood samples. Body temperatures did not increase during or within ½ h after dialysis. In experiments with parallel dialyzers, contaminated dialysate was simultaneously ultrafiltered into the second blood compartment. Ultrafiltrates were unreactive in the LLA and the absence of pyrogens was confirmed with the pyrogen test, USP, in five of five experiments. This investigation suggests that the intact cellophane membrane of the hollow-fiber dialyzer is an effective barrier to endotoxin and bacteria

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182076

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) has been reported in association with therapy with a number of drugs. We report a patient who developed drug-related AIN while receiving intravenous amoxicillin therapy. The patient developed rash, secondary temperature elevation, and eosinophilia in association with nonoliguric renal failure. Renal biopsy showed evidence for AIN and the renal failure was responsive to corticosteroid therapy. AIN may occur in patients receiving any drug of the penicillin class. This reversible form of acute renal failure must not be overlooked in patients with other forms of renal disease.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182077

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Serum prolactin levels were elevated in male Sprague-Dawley rats with acute renal failure induced by glycerol administration. Specific prolactin binding to kidney membrane preparations was reduced in glycerol and antirat glomerular basement membrane serum-treated rats, after morphological and biochemical acute renal failure was evident. Extensive tubular damage after glycerol administration may account for loss of renal binding, since prolactin receptors are mainly tubular in localization. However, the predominant glomerulopathy, with less severe tubular lesions, after antirat glomerular basement membrane serum suggests that reduced renal prolactin binding in these animals is unlikely to be due to tubular destruction alone. Thus, alterations in prolactin status occur with development of experimentally induced acute renal failure and suggest altered renal responsiveness to prolactin in uraemia.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182078

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The correlation between whole blood potassium (K) concentration and hematocrit (Ht) was investigated in chronically dialyzed uremics with a broad range of Ht. This correlation was found to be represented by a curve and its form was derived by the manipulation of the formula concerning the inverse relationship between erythrocyte K concentration and Ht. These findings show that in dialyzed patients the whole blood K concentration can be correctly predicted from any Ht value, despite their wide range of plasma K concentration.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182079

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182080

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger