ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182023

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182024

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182025

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A study of serum β2-microglobulin and urinary β2-microglobulin in patients with liver and/or kidney disease was done to determine if such information is of diagnostic help. Serum concentrations and β2M/Cr clearance ratios are higher in patients with primary tubular disorders than in those with glomerular diseases, a finding unaltered by hepatic disease. These data suggest either an increased production or decreased tubular degradation of β2M, independent of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), in primary tubular disorders. The marked increase in urinary β2-microglobulin that followed insertion of the peritoneal-jugular shunt is evidence that this procedure resulted in improvement of the GFR, in previously underperfused neph

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182026

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Over a 5-year period we have performed sequential measurements of a range of complement components in 127 patients. Each had a well-characterised glomerular lesion and there was no evidence of an underlying connective tissue disorder. In 17 patients with varied histopathology, who did not have C3 nephritic factor, there was a persisting complement defect which was present during remission in the patients we were able to study. The finding of such defects is consistent with the thesis that primary complement system abnormalities predispose to the development of glomerular lesions. Interestingly, these abnormalities did not influence the prognosis of our patients. In 12 other cases without C3 nephritic factor, complement levels were below the normal range when the glomerular lesion was active but returned to it in remission; these were secondary changes. We showed by discriminant analysis that some circulating complement component levels, assessed in relation to each other and without reference to a statisticallly derived ‘normal’ range, discriminated between histological subgroups and had prognostic significance as well. These patterns could not be distinguished until the data were stored and analysed by compu

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182027

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Since it has been suggested that the renin-angiotensin axis may play an important role in the severe hypertension and in the acute renal deterioration in scleroderma, we sought to determine the effectiveness of angiotensin blockade in the treatment of this disorder. Captopril controlled blood pressure successfully and easily in 4 consecutive patients with scleroderma renal crisis. Mean serum creatinine was 3.5 mg/dl after scleroderma renal crisis immediately prior to captopril. The first patient required maintenance hemodialysis because of progression to advanced renal failure before captopril was available. However, in this patient oliguric renal failure was changed to nonoliguric renal failure immediately after beginning therapy. Serum creatinine stabilized in the other 3 patients. Serum creatinine peaked at 4.7 mg/dl, but then progressively improved to 3.5 mg/dl 12 weeks after captopril was begun. None of the other 3 patients required any form of dialysis during the scleroderma renal crises. Mean survival of these 4 patients was significantly greater than that of the 9 previous patients with scleroderma crisis. These observations confirm that angiotensin blockade with captopril is effective therapy to prevent renal deterioration, to control blood pressure and prolong survival in scleroderma patients with renal crisis.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182028

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Transient granulocytopenia develops during the first few minutes of hemodialysis, and is associated with a marked increase in granulocyte adherence as the cells marginate in the pulmonary circulation. The increased adherence is mediated by factors present in the plasma, thought to be complement components activated by the dialysis coil. In the present study, an assay of plasma for adherence-augmenting activity shows that it is maximal at 15 min after starting dialysis, and undetectable at 40 min. The factor is not affected by heating to 56 °C for 30 min, or by incubation at 37°C for 7 days, nor does dialysis for 24 h against physiologic saline diminish its activity. However, exposure to pH 6.0 reduces the activity to 58.4% of control, and pH 5.0 reduces it to 40.1%. Finally, pretreatment of patients with prednisone before hemodialysis does not prevent granulocytopenia or increased adherence. These findings are discussed in relation to the known properties of various biologically active fragments of complemen

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182029

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Decreased specific prolactin binding to kidney membrane preparations, and an upward trend in serum prolactin levels were observed concomitantly with the onset of chronic progressive nephropathy in male rats of the OFA Sandoz SPF strain. Females of the same strain developed a less severe form of the disease at a later age, but failed to show the changes in prolactin status seen in male rats. Nephropathy in both male and female animals was associated with morphological abnormalities of a predominantly tubular nature, but was not associated with development of renal failure as indicated by serum urea and creatinine levels. Possible mechanisms for the observed alterations in prolactin status are discussed.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182030

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The relationship between glomerulotubular balance and the development of hypertension was studied in subtotally nephrectomized rats, with or without previous chronic salt loading, 1–4 weeks after the operation. The creatinine clearance (Co) was similarly reduced in all the groups as compared to control rats. The maximal glucose reabsorption (TmG1C) was also decreased in all experimental groups with the sole exception of saline-loaded hypertensive rats in which the fall did not reach the significance level. The ratio TmG1C/Ccr, which was taken as an index of glomerulotubular balance, was high in the hypertensive groups and further enhanced by saline loading. Peak values of TmG1C/Ccr were detected in the 1st week after operation and declined thereafter reaching normal levels in the hypertensive rats but not in the hypertensive saline-loaded animals. Results suggest that an early glomerulotubular imbalance is in some way related to the development of hypertension in subtotally nephrectomized rats. This abnormality is apparently corrected by the counterbalancing effect of increased renal perfusion pressure but can be unmasked by saline loadin

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182031

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We investigated electrocardiographic changes occurring after hemodialysis in 20 male patients with chronic renal failure, changes in the configuration of T wave, ST segment and R wave consistent with ischemia were found in 30, 45 and 75%, respectively. Contrary to prior speculation the R wave height did not vary with the volume changes of body fluid occurring in dialysis. It is concluded that ischemic-appearing changes of uncertain significance are common in the postdialysis population.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182032

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger