摘要:

Human nephrectomy specimens with ischemic glomerular changes were studied by colloidal iron staining and immunofluorescence with respect to glomerular polyanion, immunoprotein deposition and proteinase inhibitor deposition. In the sclerotic area of ischemic glomerular changes, polyanion loss and deposition of IgM, C1q, C4 and C3 were observed. These findings were common in cases with and without chronic pyelonephritis showing a considerable similarity to the glomerular changes of experimental focal sclerosis in rats or focal sclerosing glomerulonephropathy in human. α1-Antitrypsin and α2-macroglobulin (proteinase inhibitors) were also found in the sclerotic area. In particular, α1-antitrypsin was always present in the sclerotic portions of every atrophic nephron and an important role of α1-antitrypsin in atrophy of nephrons was sugges

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182129

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Left ventricular ejection fraction at rest and during treadmill and isometric handgrip exercise were determined in 16 patients with essential hypertension (mean age 47.4 years) before and after therapy. The untreated hypertensive patient showed a linear correlation between mean blood pressure and LVEF (r =0.62, p < 0.01). The relation of sitting, resting LVEF with systolic blood pressure was highly significant (r =0.88, p < 0.001). Prior to therapy no significant change in LVEF in response to exercise was noted. After therapy with captopril, a normal isotonic exercise response occurred consisting of a highly significant increase in ejection fraction (p < 0.0025). Subjects receiving propranolol had a fall in LVEF with isometric stress (p < 0.0025). These data suggest an increased ejection fraction in patients with essential hypertension when all other parameters of the heart are normal and an abnormal response to isotonic exercise which may be reversed with therapy.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182130

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Exogenous insulin sensitivity as well as the dynamics of blood serum levels of immunoreactive insulin and growth hormone (GH) after oral glucose loading were studied in patients with glomerulonephritis of different clinical manifestations and varying renal functions. A correlation between disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism on the one hand, and the degree of renal failure and protein depletion on the other, was established. Disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism were detected as early as in the preazotemic phase of the disease. The clinical significance of the disorders and methods for evaluation of insulin response to oral glucose are discussed.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182131

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We studied 76 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had autopsies performed at the University of Utah and Salt Lake Veterans Administration Medical Center. The most common pathological finding in the kidney was interstitial fibrosis (46%) and internal proliferation of the arterioles in the absence of hypertension (54% of the cases). Renal amyloidosis was only found in 7% of the patients. Azotemia (creatinine above 2 mg/dl) was found in 9% of the patients but was not clinically significant. In addition uremia was not a frequent cause of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182132

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

351 sera from 27 human recipients of renal allografts and 21 healthy blood donors were assayed for circulating immune complexes by the C1q solid-phase radioimmune assay. Increased C1q-binding activity (C1q-BA) was detected in pretransplant sera from 5 patients with chronic pyelonephritis (PN) and 3 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (GN). A significant decrease of C1q-BA immediately after transplantation could not be found. 6 weeks after transplantation only 2 patients of the PN group showed increased C1q-BA. Serial studies in 17 patients with rejection crises did not show any correlation between the level of serum C1q-BA and the occurrence of rejections. Furthermore, no correlation could be found between the occurrence of complement-dependent lymphocytotoxic antibodies measured by the 51Cr release technique and the level of serum C1q-BA. In contrast, our results show that the probability of graftectomy or graft failure is significantly higher, at least in the early phase after transplantation, when the serum C1q-BA is lowered for several weeks.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182133

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Nephrotoxic agents such as puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) and sodium maleate (MAL) have been used to induce experimental glomerular proteinuria and tubular disease, respectively. Current studies show that PAN caused a massive loss of albumin in the urine while not affecting the excretion of the smaller, sex-dependent α2u-globulin. On the other hand, MAL which inhibits the reabsorption of proteins, increased the loss of both α2u and albumin. Both nephrotoxic agents increased the excretion of albumin when administered to female rats. MAL-induced proteinuria was used as a direct measure of the renal load for α2u and albumin. Renal loads and excretion of α2u and albumin were measured in male rats maintained on 0, 20, and 50% casein diets. On the protein-free diet, the excretion of both α2u and albumin was reduced (less than 1 mg daily); their renal loads were almost totally reabsorbed. On a 50% casein diet the reabsorption of α2u was reduced from a normal of 60% to 10% of the renal load. Thus, the high protein diet increased the excretion of α2u while having little effect on the excretion of albumin. We suggest that dietary protein exerts two levels of control on the excretion of protein in the urine of the adult male rat. Protein-deficient diets stimulate the general reabsorption of proteins thereby minimizing the excretion of α2u and albumin. High protein diets appear to reduce selectively the reabsorption of α2u -globulin, thereby increasing its excretion in t

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182134

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Rats made tolerant to endotoxin are partially protected from the histologic and functional injury that usually accompanies intramuscular administration of glycerol. Glycerol nephrotoxicity appears to correlate with the reductions in renal blood flow and cardiac output which follow injection. Studies were undertaken to determine if endotoxin tolerance would alter these hemodynamic abnormalities. A radiolabelled microsphere technique was employed to measure cardiac output and regional blood flow. Endotoxin-tolerant rats had higher cardiac outputs and renal blood flows and lower renovascular resistances than control rats when studied 90 min after intramuscular glycerol. These observations may partially explain the reduced nephrotoxicity of glycerol in rats made tolerant to endotoxin.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182135

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

It has been shown that Brown-Norway rats develop an immune-type glomerulonephritis after treatment with various mercury-containing drugs. Anti-GBM antibodies were involved, at least in some animals. This glomerulonephritis induced a proteinuria. Strong evidence is given, suggesting that most mercury compounds, some of which, such as mercurial antiseptics, are widely used, could induce an immune-type glomerulonephritis. The question therefore arises, whether these drugs can be used any longer.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182136

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A patient with severe and protracted post renal biopsy hemorrhage is presented. The bleeding site was identified by renal arteriography and the hematuria was promptly controlled by Gelfoam embolization of the artery leading directly to the bleeding site. This aggressive approach should be considered early to control hematuria and expanding perirenal hematomas in selected cases of protracted post renal biopsy hemorrhage.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182137

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182138

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger