摘要:

Glycosylated hemoglobin A (HbA1), a proposed indicator of the integrated plasma glucose concentration over a long period of time, was investigated in patients with various degrees of renal insufficiency. Levels of HbA1 were significantly higher in patients with renal insufficiency as compared to normal controls, showing a good correlation between plasma creatinine and HbA1. No parameters of altered carbohydrate intolerance revealed a significant correlation with the corresponding HbA1 values. Therefore, it is concluded that HbA1 is no useful parameter for the control of carbohydrate metabolism in renal insufficiency.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182201

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of different concentrations of dialysate calcium and treatment with 1α-OHD3 on bone calcium content in haemodialysis patients was investigated over a 2½-year period. Part-body neutron activation analysis of the forearm with 252Cf was used to measure both an initial absolute calcium content and changes in the bone calcium. A highly significant inverse correlation (r = –0.84, p < 0.001) was found between the initial calcium content and the duration of previous dialysis utilising a dialysate calcium concentration of 1.75 mmol/l. No significant difference was found between the changes in bone calcium in patients who continued using a dialysate calcium of 1.75 mmol/l and those whose dialysate calcium was reduced to 1.375 mmol/l. There was a significant increase of 16.7% (p < 0.01) in bone calcium over the 2½-year period in the patients receiving 1α-OHD3. The results of the study suggest that bone calcium loss is not necessarily influenced by dialysate calcium concentration but that 1α -OHD3 has a beneficial long-term effect on bone calcium c

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182202

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Protein losses in peritoneal dialysate were determined in 220 exchanges from 19 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. With four exchanges per day, mean protein losses in 79 dialysate collections over 24 h were 12.2 g. Protein losses per exchange increased with cycle time, however, protein losses per day were greater with more exchanges per day.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182203

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Graft biopsy was performed in 49 cases of acute rejection in which plasma creatinine levels had not decreased after a first course of high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone. The severity of the histological picture was defined as mild, moderate, severe, or irreversible. In most patients with a mild picture renal function returned to normal; about one half of the cases with moderate lesions recovered; all patients but 1 with a severe or irreversible histological picture rapidly lost the graft. A significant correlation was also found between an unfavorable clinical outcome and the degree of some features such as: arterial intimal proliferation, arterial fibrinoid necrosis, glomerular necrosis, interstitial erythrocyte extravasation and peritubular capillary congestion. It is suggested that in a difficult clinical condition such as an acute rejection not responding to a course of high-dose steroid administration, graft biopsy may generally offer a reliable prognostic index for further therapy.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182204

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Abnormal lactation (galactorrhea) was observed in 5 female patients with renal failure. This appeared in association with amenorrhea in the terminal stage of renal failure. Lactation gradually decreased in the course of maintenance hemodialysis. Hypoestradiolemia and hyper-LH-emia found in these cases reflect ovarian dysfunction, and the results obtained with TRH and LH-RH infusion tests indicate that the patients were also suffering from hypopituitarism. All cases with lactation showed high plasma prolactin levels, with no organic abnormalities identified in their pituitary glands. We conclude that hyperprolactinemia and pituitary-gonadal dysfunction were responsible for the abnormal lactation of these patients.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182205

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To determine any adverse effects on cardiac performance resulting from long-term hemodialysis, 10 patients treated for 5 or more years (mean 8.4 years) were evaluated by exercise testing and echocardiography. Treadmill stress testing was performed to exhaustion with EKG monitoring according to the Bruce multistage protocol, while maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) was measured directly. 1 patient had equivocal evidence for myocardial ischemia but did not experience angina. 8 of the 10 subjects had both VO2max and echocardiographic indices within the normal range established for large groups of controls. The other 2 had EKG and radiologic evidence of cardiac enlargement and had had sustained hypertension.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182206

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

23 consecutive patients admitted to hospital with active psoriasis were tested for proteinuria, evidence of streptococcal infection and hypocomplementemia. Only 3 patients had proteinuria exceeding 150 mg/24 h (highest 350 mg); 4 had an ASO titer ≧ 166 Todd units; 7 had an AH titer ≧ 1:256. We found no significant proteinuria in patients with active psoriasis to support previous reports of significant proteinuria correlated with the extent of skin surface area involved with various skin disorders.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182207

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The stability in peritoneal dialysis concentrate of vancomycin and five aminoglycoside antibiotics was measured over 24 h. Vancomycin, gentamicin, siscmicin, and netilmicin are sufficiently stable that these drugs can be added to the dialysis concentrate when peritoneal administration of the antibiotic is indicated in patients undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis. Tobramycin is the most labile of the aminoglycoside antibiotics; if administered intraperitoneally in dialysis concentrate, it must be used promptly after reconstitution.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182208

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

6 diabetic patients with renal failure requiring hemodialysis and/or allograft transplantation developed profound malnutrition as evidenced by weight loss and depressed serum albumin and transferrin levels. Precipitating factors included metabolic gastropathy, sepsis, and/or pancreatitis. The patients underwent total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with an intravenous amino acid, glucose insulin, electrolyte solution as well as lipid emulsion supplements. Body weight and serum total protein and transferrin levels improved significantly. Nitrogen balance studies and electrolyte patterns further suggested improved nutrition. Appetite and activity increased in all patients by the end of intravenous TPN (IVTPN), 4 were fully rehabilitated. IVTPNmay be a useful adjunct in diabetic renal failure with severe malnutrition.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182209

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Rats subjected to chronic occlusion of the bile duct developed marked retention of sodium, expanded plasma volumes, increased renal vascular resistance, and a fall in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. The cardiac output was low and almost all the animals were shown to have systemic endotoxemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate renal and cardiovascular function in unanesthetized rats with chronic obstructive jaundice. The results suggest the importance of a reduced cardiac output amongst the factors leading to the renal retention of sodium.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182210

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger