摘要:

The sodium-conserving ability of 46 patients with renal disease of varying etiology was observed during rigid sodium restriction and mineralocorticoid administration. Glomerular filtration rate (inulin clearance) was used to estimate the number of residual nephrons. The patients were divided into two groups: (1) predominantly glomerular disease (glomerulonephritis, amyloidosis, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis), (2) predominantly tubular disease (pyelonephritis, gouty nephropathy, polycystic disease, renal tubular acidosis, nephrocalcinosis, multiple myeloma). With few exceptions, patients with glomerular lesions showed sodium wasting only when the glomerular filtration rate was severely reduced (less than one-fifth normal). On the other hand, a higher proportion of the patients with tubular lesions showed sodium wasting with minimal to moderate reductions in glomerular filtration rate. Thus, the sodium-wasting abnormality in the first group appeared to be related principally to the increased osmotic load per residual nephron, whereas an additional tubular defect in the reabsorption of sodium may have played a significant role in certain patients within the second group.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000179471

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1966

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Electron microscopic studies of glomeruli and determination of protein clearances were made in seven patients presenting with postural proteinuria, with no evidence of established renal disease. In all cases renal biopsies were taken while the patient had proteinuria; in three another biopsy was obtained in the absence of proteinuria. Individual protein clearances of five serum proteins of widely differing molecular weights were estimated by immunological methods. On electron microscopy focal abnormalities were seen in all glomeruli. ‘Ballooning’ of epithelial cell cytoplasm with patchy fusion of foot processes and increased numbers of Folli bodies were noted. The basement membrane appeared normal in all cases embedded in Araldite. The changes described in epithelial cells are common to most conditions giving rise to proteinuria. There was no significant ultrastructural difference between biopsies taken in the presence of and in the absence of proteinuria. Results of protein clearance studies show that the proteinuria is highly unselective in these patients, and is similar to the excretion pattern found in normal individuals, contrasting with proteinuria in minimal lesion glomerulonephritis which is highly selective. This suggests that in spite of some morphological similarity to minimal lesion glomerulonephritis, postural proteinuria is in fact unrelated to this condition and may be a physiological variant of normal function. This view cannot be established with certainty without long-term follow up and serial examinations of biopsy material from such patie

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000179472

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1966

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Basement membrane obtained from glomeruli of normal and nephrotic (anti-kidney serum) rats has been examined by microscope electrophoresis and X-ray diffraction techniques. Normal membrane had a mobility at pH 7.35 of 0.93 ± 0.12 µ/s/V/cm; the X-ray diffraction pattern resembled that of collagen, with an additional ring corresponding to a spacing at 2.25 Å. The membrane from nephrotic rats had a mobility of 0.69 ± 0.027 µ/s/V/cm, significantly lower than normal; the mobility was also decreased at pH of 2.25 and 8.75. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed several reflections corresponding to short spacings, not seen in the normal pattern, some of which disappeared on treatment of the membrane with collagenase. It is suggested that the changes in mobility and X-ray diffraction may be the result of loss of phospholipid and that the changes in diffraction pattern result from an increased ordering within the crystal lattice of both collagen and non-collagenous compon

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000179473

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1966

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Des microinjections d’une solution contenant du 42K et de l’inuline 14C ont été effectuées dans des tubules contournés proximaux et distaux, et dans des capillaires péritubulaires corticaux chez des rats en diurèse saline. Les modalités d’apparition urinaire de ces indicateurs ont été analysées en function du temps. L’inuline 14C est récupérée en totalité dans l’urine du rein expérimental après son injection dans les tubules proximaux et distaux, et est excrétée de façon identique dans l’urine des deux reins après son injection intravasculaire. Le radiopotassium est excrété dans l’urine suivant des modalités identiques selon qu’il est injecté dans des tubules proximaux ou dans des capillaires péritubulaires : il apparaît exclusivement dans l’urine du rein expérimental, avant l’inuline injectée simultanément; sa concentration passe par un maximum très amorti et décroît ensuite selon un mode exponentiel. Après injection dans les tubules distaux, une fraction importante du radiopotassium apparaît en même temps que l’inuline. L’identité des récupérations de radiopotassium observées après son injection dans des tubules proximaux et dans des capillaires corticaux exclut une récupération directe du 42K injecté dans les tubules proximaux, mais suggère son passage par un compartiment cellulaire, précurseur du potassium urinaire. La décroissance exponentielle du 42K dans les échantillons successifs d’urine, permet d’estimer à 30% mn-1 le taux de renouvellement de ce compartiment, dans des conditions où le d

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000179474

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1966

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000179475

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1966

数据来源: Karger