ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000183297

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000183298

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 3 patients rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis revealed plasma cell dyscrasia in 2 cases and Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia in the 3rd. Renal biopsy showed proliferative glomerulonephritis with marked endo- and extracapillary (crescentic) proliferation. In case 1, corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide favorably influenced the course of the disease. The 2nd patient was not treated and went on to maintenance hemodialysis. In the 3rd case, plasma exchange and cytotoxic drugs allowed discontinuation of hemodialysis. Thirteen other cases of proliferative glomerulonephritis associated with monoclonal gammapathies have been described in the literature, including 3 with crescents. B-cell dyscrasia should be considered a possible etiology in a patient with crescentic glomerulonephritis. In such case we show that treatment of the hematologic disorder can be followed by a dramatic improvement of renal functio

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000183299

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A systematic study was undertaken to evaluate the urinary Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP), creatinine and total protein elimination in 76 normal subjects divided into five groups during the first 30 years of life. This shows that urinary THP flow, relating to body surface area, increases progressively up to adult age.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000183300

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Urinary excretion of calcium and urinary cyclic AMP (cAMP), plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) and ionized serum calcium concentration, and creatinine clearance were measured in 15 healthy humans. In the same subjects, renal tubular reabsorption of calcium was evaluated by analyzing the regression line of urinary calcium excretion rate on rising the level of serum calcium during an intravenous calcium infusion. The regression line intercept on the y-axis, which has been proposed to depend on the calcium reabsorption in the renal distal tubule, was found to be significantly related to both urinary cAMP and PTH levels. The theoretical renal threshold for calcium excretion was directly related to the y-axis intercept and thus also to the index of parathyroid activity. No relationship was found between urinary cAMP or plasma PTH levels and the regression line slope of urinary calcium to serum calcium. In healthy subjects, parathyroid activity significantly affects the extrapolated regression line of urinary calcium to serum calcium by changing the intercept, but not the slope.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000183301

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 88 patients with the nephrotic syndrome (NS) we estimated plasma volume (PV) with 131I-albumin (RISA) and calculated blood volume (BV) from PV and whole body hematocrit (Ht). To assess whether this method gives erroneously high values in the NS, the transcapillary escape rate of albumin (TER) and large vessel Ht/whole body Ht ratio (F-cell ratio) were measured in two subsets of these patients (n = 19 and 24, respectively). Although TER appeared to be increased and F-cell ratio slightly decreased in the NS as compared to normals, it could be calculated that overestimation of PV and BV from these sources will not exceed ± 1%. Taking these errors into account PV and BV appeared normal or increased in the NS (62.8 ± 9.6 and 94.9 ± 15.1 ml/kg vs. 56.0 ± 7.1 and 88.5 ± 10.1 ml/kg lean body mass in 51 normal controls). We conclude that PV can be measured reliably in the NS with 131I-albumin, and that even after appropriate corrections are made, PV and BV are normal or increased in most patients with th

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000183302

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The kinetics of sodium across dialysis membranes were studied during diffusion and during convection utilizing cuprophan and cellulose hydrate membranes. During diffusion the changes in plasma water sodium concentration are correlated to the sodium concentration gradient between plasma water and dialysate but an increase also occurs when the gradient is annulled, due to the Donnan effect. During convection the plasma water sodium concentration increases during the passage through the dialyzer and the ultrafiltrate sodium concentration is significantly lower than the plasma water sodium concentration; this is due to the fact that the plasma proteins, as anions unable to cross the membrane, affect the kinetics of the sodium cations. Therefore, during diffusion the kinetics of sodium are mainly affected by the sodium concentration gradient and by the plasma protein concentration, while during convection the plasma protein concentration is the main factor affecting the kinetics of sodium.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000183303

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Previous studies have shown reduced levels and total urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 in a heterogeneous population of patients with hypertension. The following study was undertaken to extend these observations to focus on the influence of age and blood pressure on renal prostaglandin E2 excretion in males. Four groups of human subjects were studied on an ad libitum diet of at least 2 g salt per day: group 1 consisted of normal young men; group 2 consisted of young men with essential hypertension; group 3 consisted of older nonhypertensive men; group 4 consisted of older hypertensive men. Reduced urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion was seen in the elderly hypertensive group but not the young hypertensives. Thus, when all hypertensives were compared to control the reduced prostaglandin E2 excretion was accounted for primarily by the elderly hypertensives. The reduction of prostaglandin E2 excretion could not be accounted for by normal ageing alone. Whether cause or effect, alterations of renal prostaglandin physiology accompanied hypertension in elderly men. No clear alteration of prostaglandin E2 physiology was noted in young male hypertensives.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000183304

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Isogeneic BN rats were made uremic by subtotal renal resections. After different periods of uremia the possibility of an immunodeficiency was evaluated by (WF×BN) F1→BN heterotopic heart transplantations. A prolongation of transplant survival was found that was not related to the duration of uremia. In some rats the uremia was reversed by isogeneic BN→BN kidney transplantation before cardiac grafting. An immediate reversal of the immunodeficiency occurred. Thus an immunosuppressive effect by uremia can be documented, and to some extent quantitated, by heterotopic heart transplantation between rats of different isogeneic str

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000183305

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The size distribution pattern of circulating rPRL was studied in intact control (C) rats and in three uremic models, namely urine autoinfusion (UA), bilateral ureteral ligation (BUL), and bilateral nephrectomy (BNx). Plasmas were chromatographed by gel filtration in Sephadex G-100. Rat PRL was measured by RI A. The rPRL levels as well as the size distribution pattern of UA were similar to that of C. BUL and BNx showed a similar degree of hyperprolactinemia which corresponded to an increase in little rPRL. The results suggest that acute uremic hyperprolactinemia seems to be the result of accumulation of little rPRL. Acute uremia by itself does not increase rPRL plasma levels nor does it seem to affect the size distribution pattern of circulating rPRL.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000183306

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger