ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182914

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182915

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182916

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Results of clinical research which require subjective data collection can be influenced by expectations of patients and staff; thus, treatment variables should be easily, safely and effectively concealed. We describe a unique dialysis setup which enables us to conduct double- and single-blind variations in dialysis technique. Six studies involving over 4,700 dialyses are discussed to emphasize the significance of this approach to research.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182917

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A monoclonal antibody, PHM 5, directed against human glomerular epithelial cells, was prepared after immunisation of a mouse with isolated human glomeruli and fusion of spleen cells with a mouse myeloma. Binding of antibody to isolated glomeruli was detected by radioimmune indirect binding assay, and specificity for glomerular epithelial cells was shown using a four-layer peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique applied to epoxy resin sections of the human kidney cortex. PHM 5 appears to detect a human-specific cell surface carbohydrate antigen not previously described, and can be used to identify epithelial cells in renal biopsy sections and in culture outgrowths of isolated glomeruli.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182918

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

17 patients on maintenance hemodialysis were monitored for cardiac arrhythmias using ambulatory electrocardiographic recording. Atrioventricular dissociation was found in a patient with an elevated serum digoxin concentration, intradialytic supraventricular tachycardia had been present in a second patient during acute uremic pericarditis prior to the study. Ventricular premature beats (VPB) were absent or of low grade (occasional/uniform) in 14 patients and did not increase on dialysis. 3 patients had potentially dangerous VPB of higher grades (multiform, salvos or R on T) which occurred on or after dialysis in 2. 2 of these 3 patients were overdigitalized, and 2 had severe cardiac disease (amyloid, old myocardial infarction). Several other risk factors (age, hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, smoking, hyperlipidemia, electrolyte changes) did not seem to be of importance for VPB. In these patients on maintenance hemodialysis, potentially dangerous VPB were rare and occurred mainly during or after dialysis in patients with preexisting heart disease and/or digitalization.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182919

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

52 patients started dialysis in our center prior to 1971. When this study ended in December 1980, 8 patients had been lost to follow-up, and 7 had died, none of stroke or myocardial infarction. The overall actuarial survival rate was 85% at 10 years. For all patients treatment consisted of a long (24–30 h/week) slow hemodialysis on standard Kiil dialysers throughout the 10 years. Good blood pressure (BP) control was achieved by a strict maintenance of dry weight alone (low salt diet, but no antihypertensive drug), even in 12 patients dialyzing only twice a week. This population remained completely free of both myocardial infarctions and cerebrovascular accidents. This experience suggests that if BP is well controlled, accelerated atherosclerosis is not the inevitable complication of long-term hemodialysis. The authors believe that the long, slow dialysis technique they use is the key to the good BP control achieved uniformly in this serie

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182920

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Parathyroidectomy was carried out in 26 patients over a 14-yεar period. Excellent results were obtained in patients with severe hyperparathyroidism. Vascular calcification, hypercalcaemia and pruritus did not justify surgery unless associated with unequivocal hyperparathyroidism. 13 patients required intravenous calcium infusion for up to 2 weeks to control post-operative hypocalcaemia. Calcium requirements could be predicted from the pre-operative plasma alkaline phosphatase level. Following operation continued treatment with vitamin D was necessary to prevent hypocalcaemia. Hyperparathyroidism recurred in 1 patient after 8 years and 4 patients developed osteomalacia. Since parathyroid hormone may have toxic effects other than those on bone, maintenance of normal levels should be a long-term objective in the treatment of patients with chronic renal failure. Where large parathyroid glands are present, surgical reduction in gland mass is a logical prelude to long-term suppression of parathyroid hormone with vitamin D and phosphate-binding agents.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182921

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A separate dialysis unit was created within an existing large dialysis unit for the purpose of segregating all new hemodialysis patients into an environment that would provide optimum instruction about self-care. An educational curriculum was presented to each patient during each dialysis over the first 2 months of dialysis. Depending upon medical condition and response to the curriculum, patients were transferred either to the home hemodialysis training unit with or without a helper, to the limited care facility, or to the general dialysis area for medically unstable patients. An orientation unit not only improves patient participation in self-care, but appears to increase the number of patients interested in dialyzing at home.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182922

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The characteristics of 25 men and women who have been maintenance dialysis patients for at least 14 years (average 15.7 years) were tabulated on the basis of a survey instrument. In addition to repeated problems with vascular access surgery, the most common medical problems surround difficulties with musculoskeletal system. The most severe manifestation of this was a fibrosing arthropathy and repeated pathologic fractures. Cardiovascular morbidity was less prominent. As a group, these patients were characterized largely as ‘independent, organized and cheerful’. The average calculated dose of dialysis for this group was 27 m2 · h/70 kg body weight per

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182923

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger