ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180382

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A woman with oliguric post partum renal failure was studied by means of the xenon-133 washout technique, renal biopsy, and selective renal arteriogram. An arteriovenous fistula was found in the lower pole of the left kidney. The xenon-133 washout demonstrated a very rapid flow rate to the first compartment (1,439 ml/100 g/min), while other evidence suggested severe cortical ischemia. Spurious measurements of renal cortical perfusion may be obtained with the xenon-133 washout if an arteriovenous fistula is present.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180383

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Intrarenal blood flow was measured by the 133Xe washout method in 22 patients with essential hypertension. Mean RBF, the percentage of flow in component I, and fraction of renal mass supplied by component I were significantly reduced in patients with proteinuria, severe nephrosclerosis, cardiomegaly, and retinal changes of Keith-Wagener III and IV. Flow rate in component I was also reduced in the patients with severe nephrosclerosis, retinal changes of Keith-Wagener III and IV, and proteinuria. We conclude that redistribution of intrarenal blood flow occurs in essential hypertension with renal, cardiac, and retinal complications.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180384

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

22 children, with the onset of the nephrotic syndrome between 1 and 6 years of age, were studied by renal biopsy because of steroid resistance or after many years of steroid-sensitive disease. Six children, steroid-resistant from onset or early in the course of disease, had only minimal glomerular changes on both light and electron microscopy. In six children with steroid-sensitive disease, early evidence of sclerosis was present on ultrastructural examination when glomeruli appeared normal on light microscopy. The remaining ten patients, biopsied after 3–17 years of polycyclic steroid-sensitive disease, had focal sclerotic lesions on both light and electron microscopy. These observations demonstrate a broad spectrum of clinicopathological relationships in the nephrotic syndrome of childhood and suggest that in some patients focal glomerulosclerosis may evolve from a minimal change lesio

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180385

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

p-Aminohippurate (PAH) clearance studies were carried out on 15 patients suffering from renal disorders of different origin. In 6 patients the two kidneys were tested separately. It could be shown that in the human organism PAH undergoes partial metabolization resulting in the production of p-aminobenzoate (PAB), N-acetyl-PAH and N-acetyl-PAB. Distribution pattern of PAH and its metabolites is different in urine and blood samples: there is more N-acetyl-PAH in the urine than in the blood. Benzoates make up to 75% of all aromatic amines present in the renal vein. Since routine laboratory analysis does not detect the metabolites, the theoretical basis of applicability of PAH as a clearance substance is invalidated. Re-absorbed benzoates may be one of the causes of incomplete extraction ratio of PAH. Renal artery stenosis reduces the capability of the human kidney to N-acetylate aromatic amines.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180386

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Renal handling of salt and water during water diuresis was studied in the same 7 healthy subjects before and after the administration of tolinase. After tolinase there was no change in mean values of Cinulin, Cp-aminohipurate and calculated rate of distal sodium delivery (CH2O + CNa/100 ml glomerular filtration rate). Mean filtration fraction fell from 19.3 ± SD3.5to 16.8 ± 3.3% (p < 0.01). The mean fraction of delivered sodium reabsorbed at the diluting site (CH2O/[CH2O + CNa]) rose from 83.3 ± SD 3.6 to 88.0 ± 3.3% (p < 0.05). Mean minimal urinary osmolality fell from 85.9 ± SD 8.6 to 69.4 ± 10.3 mOsm/kg H2O (p < 0.01). Free water clearance for a given rate of urine flow was higher following tolinase than in controls. Mean rate of urinary potassium excretion fell following tolinase (p < 0.05). Maximal urinary concentration following 24 h fluid deprivation was unchanged by tolinase either in man or in the dog. Augmented tubular reabsorption of sodium at the diluting site appears to underly the lowering of minimal urinary osmolality following tol

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180387

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of acute fluid loss on renal concentrating function was measured in young athletes. Weights, bloods and urines on five athletes were evaluated before and after (a) basketball practice producing a 4-lb. weight loss and a slight rise in serum osmolality, (b) exercise plus exogenous ADH, (c) sauna bath in which a 4-lb. weight loss per athlete was sustained, and (d) sauna bath following water load. In each of these experimental situations urine osmolality either did not change or decreased slightly. During the sauna bath the urine osmolality, already depressed by the water load, changed little as the creatinine clearance, osmolar clearance, and fractional excretion of sodium decreased markedly. Over the next 2 h at rest at room temperature, the urine osmolality and creatinine clearance increased while the fractional excretion of sodium remained depressed. It is concluded that in acute fluid loss induced by exercise or sauna bath in normal subjects, there is a delay in enhancement of urine osmolality at a time when the glomerular filtration rate is greatly depressed.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180388

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Four patients who developed symptoms of Goodpasture’s syndrome during the winter 1971–1972 from a geographic area of about a 25mile radius have been studied. There was an epidemiological association between these cases and a concurrent outbreak of influenza A2; however, corroborative virologic or serologic evidence could not be obtained. All patients had typical clinical manifestations of severe pulmonary and renal disease. Immunofluorescence studies revealed linear deposits of IgG in all glomeruli studied. C3 was present in three of the four in a granular pattern. Properdin was present in one and C4 in each of the three patients stud

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180389

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Two cases of severe renal failure associated with the use of methoxyflurane anesthesia are reported. Both patients had polyuria during the immediate period after anesthesia and 7–10 days later became oliguric. After 26–31 days, a diuresis occurred with very slow recovery of adequate but reduced renal function. One case demonstrated hypernatremia and hyperosmolality. The development of renal failure did not depend upon a prolonged period of anesthesia. In one case, a renal biopsy revealed tubular epithelial cell degeneration, necrosis, and atrophy and crystals resembling calcium oxalate. Multiple mechanisms which may contribute to the development of renal failure associated with methoxyflurane are discussed. Supportive therapy, including dialysis, seems warranted to allow adequate time for return of renal funct

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180390

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a patient with chronic renal failure and maintained with regular hemodialysis, the development of neuropsychiatric untoward effects during amantadine therapy was associated with an inordinately elevated plasma level of the drug. It is recommended that in the face of renal inadequacy, adjustment of the dosage of the drug should be done in accordance with the degree of renal dysfunction.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180391

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger