ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180876

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Five men with end-stage renal failure had spontaneous hypoglycemia during lengthy hospitalizations. Four were cachectic, and all five had weight loss and poor caloric intake. Malnutrition was seen also in some of the ten previous case reports of hypoglycemia in renal failure. Impaired renal gluconeogenesis may allow hypoglycemia in such patients.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180877

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Subtle alterations in neurological function are often difficult to identify and even harder to quantitate. The identification of a neurotoxic state existing before overt behavioral changes occur has eluded quantification. It was hypothesized that a challenging signal-detection procedure would be used to assess neurological function of dialysis patients and other subjects, the degree of uremic toxicity occurring during an interdialytic interval, and the effects of neuroactive drugs. A vigilance task demanding the detection of an irregularly flashing light from a matrix of regularly flashing lights was administered to 3 groups of 15 men: patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, patients with chronic illness and no kidney disease, and healthy subjects. The procedure was found to yield a reliable measure; average test-retest correlation was 0.93, which differentiated not only within the hemodialysis cycle (p < 0.001), between groups (p < 0.001), but was also related to the recency of neuroactive drugs ingested (p < 0.01).

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180878

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The incidence of intraglomerular thrombi in renal allografts and factors regulating their resolution were studied. A case report is presented in which resolution of intraglomerular thrombi is documented. In addition, 17 transplanted patients with renal biopsies were serially studied. Intraglomerular thrombi were found in 4 of 8 specimens taken 1 h after reanastamosis, all from donors with a terminal course involving prolonged hypotension. Glomerular fibrinolytic activity was markedly diminished in 4 of 11 patients’ subsequent biopsy specimens; all taken during acute rejection. Resolution of thrombi was documented when signs of rejection were absen

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180879

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

17 adult-onset nephrotic patients with minimal-change glomerular lesions experienced 39 relapses in all. The relationship between the remission period t (expressed in months) preceding each relapse and the rate of relapse (relapse rate) F(t) was proven to correspond closely to Weibull’s distribution function as follows (χ2 = 1.72, 0.5 < p < 0.75): In In 1/1-F(t) = 1.16 In t-2.73. From the equation, the time when 99% of relapsing patients have relapsed is 39.3 months. This means that adult-relapsing nephrotic patients with minimal-change lesions will experience a relapse within 39.3 months of remission. They should be free from relapse and considered cured with a 99% reliability when remission has continued longer than 39.3 months, i. e. beyond the ‘period of freedom from rela

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180880

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Acute renal failure induced in Charles River rats by right nephrectomy and left renal artery clamping for 70 min, constantly produced high blood urea and serum creatinine levels 24 h following the experimental procedure. The intravascular administration of propranolol in different doses persistently alleviated the severity of uremia seen on the following day. The optimum dose in this experimental set-up was 1 mg/kg/h. The mean blood urea level was 237 ± 15.5 (SEM) mg% in the saline-treated controls and 116 ± 16 mg% in the group treated with propranolol 1 mg/kg/h. PI 13 alone and prostaglandin A1 alone were not effective in alleviating the ARF. The combination of P113 and propranolol produced the same amount of alleviation in uremia as propranolol alone. The PRA was low in the propranolol-treated rats and high in the group which received both P113 and propranolol, even though alleivation of ARF was produced in both of these groups. The mechanism by which the β-adrenergic blockade produced by propranolol alleviates the anoxic type of acute renal failure is unknown. However, it does not seem to act through the suppression of renin release from the kidn

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180881

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Nephrotoxic antibody rapidly fixes to glomerular basement membrane following systemic injection and immediately initiates histopathologic alterations. We studied the functional changes induced by nephrotoxic serum (NTS) in dogs starting 20 min after injection using three different protocols. By this time the GFR, UNaV and FENa had decreased in each study. Volume expansion resulted in a significantly smaller absolute increase in FENa than in the pre-injection control study (1.1 vs. 2.8%, p < 0.005), while maximum tubular secretion of PAH (TmPAH) and reabsorption of glucose (Tm glucose) stayed constant following NTS; thus, TmPAH/ GFR and Tm glucose/GFR increased significantly. These studies demonstrate that glomerular function is rapidly affected by NTS while absolute tubular function is relatively well maintained. Since histologic and functional changes occurred simultaneously, it seems likely that the functional changes were the direct consequence of the pathologic alterations.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180882

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The administration of a low total dose of amphotericin B to four consecutive patients already receiving gentamicin resulted in a deterioration of renal function in all. No other cause of the renal dysfunction was apparent in three cases. It appears probable that these drugs exhibit synergistic nephrotoxicity.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180883

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180884

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger