摘要:

A biochemical and bone biopsy investigation was made in 30 patients with chronic renal failure. Osteomalacia was the main pathological feature in 60% of the patients. Both optical and electron microscopic studies showed that the matrix adjacent to the osteoblasts was not mineralized. Osteomalacia was associated with increased osteoclastic activity and some degree of bone resorption and bone marrow fibrosis in 13% of the patients. In the remaining patients (27%) the bone tissue was substantially normal. The bone calcium content was lower than normal in uraemic patients, whereas a significant increase in magnesium content was observed.The low frequency of the pathological features specific for hyperparathyroidism may be explained by the low-protein, low-phosphorus diets usually followed by the patients. The decrease in bone calcium content depends probably on the reduction in its intestinal absorption and partly on the protein depletion usually observed in patients on low-protein diets. Furthermore, the bone magnesium excess may be regarded as a potentiating factor of bone calcium deficiency.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180381

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A controlled study was undertaken to delineate any toxic effects of sorbitol in peritoneal dialysate. Nine patients were dialyzed with sorbitol solutions. Two who received the most total intraperitoneal sorbitol developed mental confusion and weight gain or edema in association with higher levels of serum and CSF sorbitol and an increase of serum and CSF osmolarity. Measures of hematologic, hepatic, cardiac, pulmonary and neurologic function did not reveal a specific toxic effect of sorbitol to these organ systems. Hyperglycemia occurred with both dextrose and sorbitol dialysate. No advantages of sorbitol dialysate as compared to dextrose dialysate were evident. While blood acid-base studies were consistent with respiratory alkalosis due to hyper-ventilation, CSF continued to show a compensated metabolic acidosis possibly due to an anion more slowly removed from CSF than blood during dialysis. CSF: serum distribution ratios for osmolarity, urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine and phosphate did not change during dialysis.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180356

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The maximal concentrating ability of the clamped and the untouched kidney was studied in non-anesthetized Wistar rats which had been rendered hypertensive by the constriction of one renal artery. Both kidneys were able to elaborate a well-concentrated urine after dehydration and under the influence of exogenous vasopressin, whereby the clamped kidney was even superior in this respect to the untouched contralateral kidney. The concentration of inulin was regularly elevated in the urine from the clamped kidney. A slight depression of RPF and GFR ran parallel with a drop of blood pressure in the course of the experiment. Total sodium excretion in the Goldblatt rats was not different from that of normal rats; in hypertensive rats, however, two thirds of the total output were accomplished by the untouched kidney. The difference in concentrating ability between the two kidneys is interpreted as a consequence of different sodium reabsorption in the ascending limb of Henle’s loo

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180357

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180358

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180359

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180360

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180361

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180355

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger