ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180859

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

High levels of serum calcitonin were found in patients with chronic renal failure. Serum calcitonin correlated directly with the phosphate to total calcium ratio; calcitonin levels correlated inversely with serum calcium in those patients on dialysis and directly with serum calcium in nondialysis patients. All patients had elevated serum gastrin. The high levels of serum calcitonin usually decreased following successful kidney transplantation. The pathophysiology of this hypercalcitonemia and its relationship to renal osteodystrophy and the disordered calcium metabolism of uremia remains to be elucidated.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180860

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Immunofluorescent staining of urinary casts of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis or with acute renal failure was performed. Urinary and cast Tamm-Horsfall muco-proteins were purified by a modified McQueen’s method. Rabbits were immunized by both of these materials to obtain antisera. The antigenic specificity of the prepared material was examined by the Ouchterlony gel diffusion method and immunoelectrophoresis. Indirect and direct immunofluorescent staining methods were done using Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein antiserum and FITC-GARG, FITC-labelled IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and albumin. Hyaline casts of both chronic glomerulonephritis and acute renal failure demonstrated fluorescence with Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein antiserum. The nature of the granular casts of chronic glomerulonephritis seemed to be different from those of acute renal failure because the granules of the former fluoresced for some serum protein fractions, but the latter fluoresced only for Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein. The absence of fluorescence with epithelial casts for any serum protein fractions implied a different pathogenesis for epithelial casts as compared to granular casts, contrary to Lippman’s assumption. A routine technique of immunofluorescent staining of urinary casts was developed. The interpretation of urinary casts should be more specific by this new techni

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180861

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Gastrointestinal absorption of radioactive iron (59Fe) was studied in uremic rats. Duodenal gut sac transport of 59Fe in a group of 12 rats with a mean BUN of 98 ± 24.4 mg%, was 2.29 ± 1.16. This was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than the amount of 59Fe transported (4.88 ± 1.87) across the duodenum of a group of control rats, mean BUN 22.9 ± 3.2 mg%. We conclude that there is diminished absorption of iron in ure

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180862

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 28 patients with bilaterally recurring calcium – containing renal staghorn calculi, 14 with normal GFR and 14 with mild renal insufficiency, a metabolic investigation of calcium metabolism during intravenous phosphate loading and a morphologic (optical and electron microscopic) study by means of percutaneous bone biopsy were performed. The morphologic investigation showed evidence of osteomalacia in 28.5% of the patients with normal GFR and in 50% of those with renal insufficiency. Moreover, histological evidence of hyperparathyroidism was found in an additional 29% of the patients with renal insufficiency. The metabolic investigation demonstrated low values of Tm PO4/GFR only in patients with morphologic evidence of hyperparathyroidism. Moreover, the fall in plasma calcium concentration during phosphate loading appeared to be more evident and significant in patients with osteodystrophy than in those with normal bone. It is possible that the disordered vitamin D metabolism in patients with renal insufficiency and the renal parenchymal lesions observed in all of the patients may have played some role in the pathogenesis of osteomalacia, while the repeated insults to the kidney secondary to ureteropelvic obstructions may have led to early secondary hyperparathyroidism. From the metabolic point of view, our results support the validity of phosphate infusions in assessing the Tm PO4/GFR as a functional index of hyperparathyroidism, and the exaggerated fall in plasma calcium concentration as an index of metabolic bone diseas

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180863

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Micropuncture studies were performed in intact and thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) dogs to evaluate the relationship between the absolute level of serum ultrafilterable phosphate concentration (SUFP) and proximal bicarbonate reabsorption. In both groups of animals, a reverse linear relationship was noted between the serum phosphate level and the tubular fluid bicarbonate concentration (TFHCO3). For the intact dogs, TFHCO3 = 32.27 SUFp ± 2.17, r = 0.715, p = 0.02, and for the TPTX dogs, TFHCO3 = 35.68 – 2.39 SUFP ± 2.26; r = 0.619, p < 0.02. Furthermore, when late-proximal tubular values for absolute bicarbonate reabsorptive rate (Thco3)/100 nl single nephron filtrate were plotted against SUFp, a direct relationship was found for both groups; intact dogs: THCO3 = 205 SUFp – 169 ± 136, r = 0.707, p < 0.05; TPTX dogs: THCO3 = 224 SUFp – 882 ± 221, r = 0.625, p < 0.01. Variations in plasma bicarbonate concentration or PCO2 did not contribute to the relationship between SUFP and bicarbonate reabsorption. The data suggest that extracellular fluid phosphate concentration is an important modulator of proximal bicarbonate transport, independent of the action of parathyroid hormone. a number of investigators have documented the fact that alterations in phosphate excretion are accompanied by parallel changes in bicarbonate transport both in the experimental animal [2,3] and in man [4–6]. A characteristic effect of the administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a substantial

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180864

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Using conventional micropuncture techniques in 53 adult Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, single nephron GFR at proximal sites (snGFRprox) averaged 30 ± 1 nl/min (76 tubules) and at distal sites (snGFRdiS), 33 ± 2 nl/min (90 tubules). Thus, in spite of interruption of macula densa fluid flow during its measurement, snGFRproX was not significantly greater than snGFRdiS 0.05). Whole kidney GFR averaged 0.9 ± 0.07 ml/min before and 1.0 ± 0.05 ml/min during an intravenous infusion of SQ20,881, a substance which inhibits production of angiotensin II. Similarly, snGFRdiS 0.5). These results suggest that under the conditions of the experiments, tubulo-glomerular feedback is not operative and that angiotensin II plays no role in controlling filtra

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180865

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Serial measurements of vital capacity (VC) were performed on nine patients on chronic haemodialysis. In six patients the VC remained stable, they were all adequately dialysed and working full-time. Reduction of dialysis time in one of these patients brought about a gradual onset of left heart failure which was preceeded by a decline of VC. In the three remaining patients a decrease of VC preceeded the onset of heart failure, and a rise of VC values signified improvement of cardiac performance. Serial recordings of VC are recommended as a useful objective guide to evaluation and treatment of patients on haemodialysis.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180866

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger