ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182595

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a series of 374 renal biopsy specimens, 26 from patients with primary glomerulonephritis showed IgM as the main glomerular immunofluorescence finding. By light microscopy 17 of these specimens showed mild mesangial hypercellularity and 9 were normal. Small mesangial electron-dense deposits were seen in 8 specimens. Of the 26 patients, 10 had proteinuria, 6 had the nephrotic syndrome, 6 had hematuria and 4 had both proteinuria and hematuria. The mean serum IgM level was significantly higher in the patients than in healthy controls. Circulating immune complexes were detected by three methods in 39% of the patients.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182598

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Serum levels of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) were measured in 22 patients on maintenance hemodialysis prior to dialysis. The mean level was 0.699 ± 0.25 mg/dl, which represents a 3-fold increase above normal. Addition of GAA to blood from normal volunteers and incubation for 3 and 48 h at 37°C did not influence osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in vitr

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182600

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The presence of creatine, guanidinopropionic acid (GPA) and guanidinobutyric acid (GBA) was demonstrated in red blood cells from uremic patients; they were found only in trace amounts in red blood cells of normal controls. The levels of creatine, GPA and GBA in the red cell did not change during dialysis in contrast to the simultaneous decrease in plasma level. Both creatine and GPA inhibited glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in vitro in physiological concentration, while creatine also activated erythrocyte transketolase (ETK). These effects are consistent with the low red cell G6PD level and high ETK activity that were observed in our uremic patients. The unchanging levels of creatine and GPA in the red cell despite hemodialysis may explain the continuing autohemolysis in otherwise adequately hemodialyzed end-stage renal failure patients.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182603

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The α1-acid glycoprotein (orosomucoid) concentration in the serum of 34 uremic patients on chronic hemodialysis was measured twice at intervals of 3 months. In 80% of the cases the concentrations were above normal. Furthermore, the examination showed a correlation between the concentrations at the first and at the second measurement. No change in seorosomucoid concentration was observed during hemodialysis. We therefore conclude that orosomucoid cannot be used as an acute phase reactant among uremic patients in chronic hemodialysis neither is it very likely that the hyperlipidemia and accelerated atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients are due to lack of orosomucoid

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182605

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Suppressor cell activity (SCA) was analyzed in 8 patients with focal glomerular sclerosis (FGS) and 11 patients with chronic proliferative glomerulonephritis (CGN). We have assessed the ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) stimulated by concanavalin A (Con A) to inhibit the proliferative response of normal allogeneic lymphocytes by both Con A and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). It was found that the FGS patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) had significantly increased levels of suppression index when compared to the values obtained with normal controls. In contrast, the mean suppression values in the PBL from FGS patients in remission and CGN patients with or without NS, whether the mitogen used was Con A or PHA, were similar to those of the control subjects. Thus, the majority of FGS patients with NS demonstrated an alteration in Con A-induced SCA. The possible significance of these phenomena in the pathophysiology of FGS is discussed.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182607

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The renal handling of urate was investigated in 28 recurrent calcium stone formers and 12 healthy controls. 12 patients were hyperuricosuric and 16 patients had incomplete proximal or distal acidification defects. Measurements of the glomerular filtration and the tubular reabsorption of filtered urate were made through the pyrazinamide (PZA)-suppression test of urate secretion. Hyperuricosuria could not be explained by defects in the renal handling of urate. Patients with proximal acidification defects had a higher tubular reabsorption of filtered urate than the other subjects. Tubular reabsorption of filtered urate was inversely correlated, and filtered urate escaping reabsorption positively correlated to the 24-hour excretion of urate. In contrast, the PZA-suppressible fraction of urate excretion, which is the net effect of tubular secretion and post-secretory reabsorption and thought to be the main regulator of urate excretion, was not correlated to the 24-hour excretion of urate. It is concluded that the renal handling of urate is basically normal in calcium stone disease, whereas minor deviations may co-exist with renal tubular acidification dysfunction.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182610

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The pharmacokinetics of vancomycin have been studied in 4 chronic renal failure patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Patients received 1 g of vancomycin in 2 liters of dialysate during an initial phase, and serum and dialysate samples were collected for vancomycin determination. 54% of the amount introduced into the peritoneal cavity were absorbed systemically during a 6-hour cycle. Peak serum concentrations averaged 23.7 µg/ml. Mean elimination half-life was calculated to be 66.9 h, and dialysis clearance averaged 2.4 ml/min

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182611

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The pathophysiology of anuric hyperglycemia is characterized by changes in extracellular fluid volume and in effective osmolality. We studied these changes in 7 anuric patients during correction (seven instances) or development (one instance) of hyperglycemia. During observations, intakes and outputs of fluids were negligible and weights did not change. Pulmonary edema, present in hyperglycemia in six instances, disappeared with normalization of glucose concentration in five instances. While glucose was rising, before study, thirst and water intake were pronounced in six instances; in three, normalization of glucose concentration uncovered true hyponatremia. For the same change in blood glucose, changes in effective osmolality were greatest in patients with anasarca.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182612

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In this pilot study, sequential ultrasonic scanning was used to assess (a) whether furosemide injection normally causes an enlargement of kidney size, and (b) whether this effect is blunted in renovascular hypertensives to such a degree as to bear potential diagnostic value. Furosemide caused similar degrees of maximal area enlargement in both kidneys of 10 healthy subjects (16.1 ± 3.9%) and 10 essential hypertensives (14.8 ± 4.2%) whereas in 11 renovascular patients maximal distension of the affected kidneys was significantly blunted (9.4 ± 3.7%) in comparison with that of contralateral kidneys (19.6 ± 7.7%). In the 6 hypertensives with one small kidney not due to renal artery stenosis, maximal enlargement of the affected kidneys averaged 22.8 ± 5.1%, and that of contralateral kidneys 15.8 ± 4.2%. In 8 out of the 11 patients with renovascular hypertension the difference in response between the paired kidneys had values outside the ranges of patients with both the other forms of arterial hypertension. The data suggest that the furosemide test may be of value in the screening for renovascular hyperte

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000182613

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger