ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000187818

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000187819

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] deficiency, as well as of replacement therapy with lα-hydroxyvitamin D3 [1α-(OH)D3], on the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and on the serum levels of soluble TNF receptors (sTNFRs) in hemodialysis (HD) patients was investigated. PBMC from HD patients without prior therapy with hydroxylated vitamin D3 analogs and from normal controls produced similar amounts of TNF-α, either spontaneously or after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After oral administration of 1α-(OH)D3, a precursor of 1,25-(OH)2D3, LPS-induced TNF-α production by PBMC of HD patients was significantly higher than that of HD patients prior to the treatment or of healthy controls. Such treatment did not, however, affect spontaneous TNF-α production by PBMC. Serum concentrations of both soluble TNF receptors [sTNFR-A(p75) and sTNFR-B(p55)] were significantly higher in HD patients than in controls. The ratio of sTNFR-A/sTNFR-B decreased significantly in HD patients following lα-(OH)D3 therapy. These results suggest that therapy with 1α-hydroxylated vitamin D3 analogs normally given to HD patients for the management of renal osteodystrophy may also regulate the in vivo activity

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000187820

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The early renal function parameters (RFP), i.e. urinary alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), β-galactosidase (βGAL), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), retinol-binding protein (RBP), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP) and the conventional RFP plasma creatinine were assessed in 8 patients before and during treatment with the nephrotoxic antitumor agent cis-platin. Plasma creatinine increased during treatment with cis-platin. In all patients, acute tubular damage was revealed by early RFP. Albumin and total protein excretion patterns suggested alterations in glomerular function. The cumulative change in RBP excretion was related to plasma creatinine concentrations following cis-platin administration. The present study demonstrates that urinary RBP is a valuable parameter for the early assessment of cis-platin-induced nephrotoxici

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000187821

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The relationship between serum lipids, apolipoprotein levels including apolipoprotein (a) to albumin excretion rate (AER) in 52 (17 male, 35 female) type 2 diabetic patients was studied. Patients were classified in groups as follows: (1) patients with normal AER ( 300 mg/24 h). Apolipoprotein B levels were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in the patients with macroalbuminuria compared to the normoalbuminuric group. Further, we observed a significant correlation between total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as apolipoprotein B levels to the degree of AER. No correlation between apolipoprotein (a) levels and AER, which is in contrast to recently published data for type 1 diabetic patients, was found. Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher (p < 0.002) in the patients with micro- and macroalbuminuria compared to the group with normal albumin excretion, whereas no relationship between diastolic blood pressure and albuminuria was found. We conclude that elevated increased atherogenic lipid fractions in addition to systolic hypertension may contribute to an increased cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetic patients with proteinuria.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000187822

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to analyze urinary proteins from patients with various renal diseases, a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with IPG PACK ODS column packed with polyporous glass was employed. The peak areas of α1-acid glycoprotein (α1-AGP), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and albumin were measured by a chromato-integrator. The α1-AGP/albumin ratio was regarded as the marker of glomerular damage, while the β2-MG/albumin ratio indicated tubular dysfunction. As a result, the α1-AGP/albumin ratio in the urine from patients with either various glomerulonephritis (GN) or idiopathic nephrotic syndrome was significantly higher than that from either patients with postural proteinuria or healthy children. However, the β2-MG/albumin ratio in the urine from patients with GN was the same level as controls. The β2-MG/albumin ratio was elevated only in urine from patients with tubular dysfunctions. These data suggest that the urinary α1-AGP/albumin ratio could be a beneficial indicator in locating patients with GN from among children with asymptomatic pr

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000187823

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Complement factor D, a complement system serine protease, circulating in vivo as its active form, accumulates in patients with chronic renal failure. The pathophysiological role of this active protease in these patients was examined by studies on activities of excess factor D on 10 synthetic peptide substrates for some usual serine proteases. The most sensitive of these substrates to factor D was Boc-Gln-Ala-Arg-MCA, which is used as a substrate for trypsin. The proteolytic activity of factor D (2.17 unit/mg/h) on this substrate was estimated to be 10–5-fold that of trypsin (2.18 × 105 unit/mg/h). The activities of factor D on other synthetic substrates were lower. Thus the proteolytic activity of factor D is considered to be very specific for its natural substrate, complement factor B bound with C3b, even when it is highly accumulated in vivo. The inhibitory effects of some serine protease inhibitors used clinically (nafamostat mesilate, sepinostat mesilate, camostat mesilate and gabexate mesilate) on the proteolytic activity of factor D on its natural substrate, factor B, were also investigated. Of these synthetic compounds, nafamostat mesilate was the most effective inhibitor (ID50:25 µM) of the activity of factor D on facto

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000187824

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In the present study, urinary tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) levels in nonproliferative glomerulopathies [minimal change disease (n = 4), focal glomerulosclerosis (n = 4), membranous glomerulonephritis (GN) (n = 1), and in patients with chronic glomerulopathies (n = 4)] were compared to proliferative ones [a rapidly progressive GN patient and 8 patients with mesangial proliferative GN and membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) who had clinically active disease]. The mean urine TNF levels of the proliferative group were significantly higher than both the nonproliferative GN and 4 controls, whereas the mean value of the nonproliferative group was not significantly different than the controls. The urine TNF levels in 4 MPGN patients with chronic disease and in 2 who entered remission were also very low. In the patients with active renal disease and cellular proliferation there were significant correlations between the urinary TNF levels and both proteinuria and the clinical activity scores. We suggest that in human proliferative glomerulopathies TNF may be implicated in the glomerular inflammation

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000187825

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The localization of the α2,α3 and α6 subunits of the β1 integrin family on different cells of the glomerular capillary wall and on juxtacapillary mesangium was investigated using an immunoelectron microscopic technique on freshly harvested normal human glomeruli. α2,β1, α3β1 and α6β1 were weakly expressed on both luminal and abluminal surfaces of glomerular endothelial cells; α2β1 and α3β1 were also found on the mesangium of the juxtacapillary areas, α3β1 was regularly present in great density on the basal and lateral surface of podocyte foot processes, confirming α3β1 as the unique β1 integrin on glomerular epithelial cells. None of these integrins was strictly polarized along the glomerular basement membrane, thus suggesting, in agreement with recent literature, that these molecules perform other biological functions in addi

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000187826

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We observed 12 boys and 1 girl, 5-15 years old, presenting with acute renal failure (ARF) and severe hypertension. They constituted 4.9% of all patients with ARF. There was no preceding diarrheal or respiratory prodrome. Clinical and laboratory findings were indicative of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in 4, but obscure in 9 others. Renal biopsies revealed variably severe occlusive thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) affecting predominantly interlobular arteries in 8 and both arteries and glomeruli in 5 cases. Glomerular crescents and cortical necrosis were not seen. Following supportive therapy, 8 progressed to or died of uremia; 2 showed persistent proteinuria, 1 moderate hypertension and 2 complete recovery. Our observations indicate that renal TMA without a prodromal illness and typical features of HUS may present with ARF, proteinuria and severe hypertension, and is associated with high mortality.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000187827

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger