ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180420

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Normal red cell survival is possible in dialyzed patients. Certain substances like copper and nitratenitrite induce hemolysis if present in the dialysate. We have identified another and probably a more frequent cause for hemolysis in dialyzed patients; chloramines. These compounds (a) are becoming more frequent in tap water as large water plants increasingly use chloramines rather than chlorine as bactericidal agents in tap water; (b) pass reverse osmosis membranes easily; (c) directly induce oxidant damage to red cells with methemoglobin formation; (d) damage the hexosemonophosphate shunt (HMPS) with which red cells defend themselves against oxidant damage; (e) consequently induce hemolysis and short red cell survival time; (f) sensitize the patients to oxidant drugs like primaquine, sulfonamides, etc.; (g) can be removed by charcoal filtration, boiling, or vacuum treatment, and (h) are most expediently neutralized by the addition of ascorbic acid in physiological amounts to the dialysate.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180421

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Haptoglobin and orosomucoid were detected and measured in concentrated normal rat urine by radial immunodiffusion. Normal haptoglobin clearance was 33 nl/min (190 nl/ min/kg) and normal orosomucoid clearance 146 nl/min (840 nl/ min/kg). During nephrotoxic serum glomerulonephritis both glycoproteins increased considerably in urine in two phases; in serum, after an early peak, haptoglobin returned to the normal level and orosomucoid fell below the normal value. During mercuric chloride tubulonephritis, an early sharp peak of both glycoproteins was observed chiefly in urine but also in serum.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180422

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Acute renal failure was induced in rats by intramuscular injection of glycerol. Concentrations of intravenous 125I-labelled sodium diatrizoate were measured in plasma, renal cortex and medulla, whole kidney and in lymph nodes draining the kidney. Whole kidney concentrations of diatrizoate, which changed little with time, were initially less than 20% of those in control animals. For 30 min after injection, while plasma levels were highest, renal concentrations in acute renal failure were highest in outer cortex. These observations provide further evidence that, though glomerular filtration continues in acute renal failure, it is much reduced. Diatrizoate was observed in renal lymph nodes from control animals and its existence there does not indicate tubular leakage. Smaller amounts were found in lymph nodes in acute renal failure, suggesting insignificant drainage of diatrizoate to renal lymphatics.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180423

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Snake bite is a common clinical problem in Southern Africa. In spite of this, acute renal failure from snake-bite poisoning is extremely rare. Moreover, acute renal failure from puff adder (Bitis arietans) has to our knowledge not been described previously. Two cases of acute renal failure occurring after puff adder venom poisoning were seen within a period of 6 weeks and are described here. Both these patients were maintained on haemodialysis and recovery was uneventful. In both cases, a proliferative nephritis was seen on renal biopsy. It is postulated that the snake venom produced the proliferative nephritis on a hypersensitivity basis.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180424

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This is the first demonstration of glycogen deposition in renal tubules attributable to renal glycosuria. A 23-year-old man was found to have membranous glomerulopathy with nephrotic syndrome, renal glycosuria with depressed tubular maximum for glucose absorption and, on electron microscopy, glycogen in renal tubular cells.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180425

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A patient with hyperglobulinemia, distal renal tubular acidosis and lysozymuria is described. Lysozymuria could not be accounted for by elevated plasma levels. Chromatography of urine showed a diffuse pattern of low molecular weight protein, including lysozyme. No other defects in proximal tubular function were detected.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180426

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180427

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180428

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180419

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger