摘要:

(1) The isolated dog kidney was perfused at constant pressure in a bath with blood from an intact unrelated dog receiving an intravenous infusion of normal saline and vasopressin. (2) It was found that the increase in sodium excretion from the perfused kidney was related to the renal arterial perfusion pressure in that the higher the pressure the greater the increase in sodium excretion. (3) The increase in sodium excretion was not related to changes in creatinine clearance, direct renal blood flow, filtered sodium, potassium excretion and PAH extraction, or to the fall in packed cell volume. (4) There was a significant inverse correlation between the rise in sodium excretion and the fall in plasma protein concentration; the greatest rise in sodium excretion being associated with the least fall in plasma protein concentration. (5) It is suggested that the exaggerated sodium excretion of hypertensive subjects when given intravenous saline may in part be due to the direct effect of the raised arterial pressure on the kidney.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000179370

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1965

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

(1) The results of 25 cases of renal cysts in pre- and post-natal infants, studied by microdissection, are reviewed here. (2) Cysts are designated as either corpuscular or tubular depending on the site of origin. One case was the single exception at there were both types of cyst present in approximately equal numbers. (3) Small corpuscular cysts are easily recognized by the presence of the glomerular tuft and/or attachment to the proximal convoluted tubule. In larger cysts the origin was established by position and the association with smaller cystic structures of recognizable type. (4) Definite, constantly occurring individual cystic patterns were observed in the tubular varieties, cysts being located at special sites in the nephron. (5) Cysts occurred in both complete and incomplete nephrons. (6) Various conclusions may be stated: (a) Microdissection shows that cysts vary greatly in form, their relation to other tissues (especially the tubules or renal corpuscles in which they arise) and in the stage of development of the individual, (b) The tubules are usually patent and various sizes of cyst and degree of change are found, indicating that not all the changes occurred at one time, (c) All the evidence suggests that in most, if not all, cystic change occurs in a formed nephron and is not due to embryological aberrations of the ‘non-union’ t

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000179371

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1965

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Chez le chien anesthésié et maintenu à PA CO2 constante, la diurèse osmtique provoquée par la perfusion intraveineuse de mannitol comporte une alcalinisation des urines avec fuite de bicarbonates, mesurée par l’abaissement de leur seuil, qui atteint 17 mEq/l de filtrat glomérulaire. La quantité de bicarbonates excrétée par unité de filtrat glomérulaire varie comme le volume urinaire et le débit osmotique, ce qui indique que le phénomène observé est fonction de la diurèse osmotique. L’analyse de résultats de la littérature suggère que, chez le chien, I’urée exerce le même effet. Le mécanisme de ce nouvel élément de la diurèse osmotique n’apparaît pas nettement. L’hypothèse qui semble la moins hasardeuse est celle qui relie la fuite urinaire des bicarbonates au défaut de réabsorption du Na, soit par diminution des échanges Na+↔H+, soit par ralentissement des transferts anioniques, si une partie des ions HCO-3 est normalement réabsorbée ainsi. Quel qu’en soit le mécanisme, le phénomène observé impose de reconsidérer I’interprétation des résultats des expériences comportant une étude de I’excrétion des aci

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000179372

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1965

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000179373

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1965

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000179374

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1965

数据来源: Karger