摘要:

AbstractA dietary survey was carried out in Mazanderan Province of the Caspian Littoral of Iran. The inhabitants of this province have the highest rate of esophageal cancer in the world. A total of 1,501 individuals, in 197 households, from 35 villages in different regions were studied. These regions, which were based on the staple food of the region, included the low‐to‐moderate risk areas of Shahsavar and Babol in central and western Mazanderan, where the staple diet is rice, and the high‐and moderately high‐risk areas of Turkoman Sahara (Gonbad and Gorgan) in the east, where the main food is local bread.Perhaps because of poverty and simplicity of the local dishes in the high‐risk region, the inhabitants of Turkoman Sahara eat their food three to four times faster than do the people in the moderate‐and low‐risk regions. In this high‐risk area, where the frequency of esophageal cancer is higher among females than among males, a special diet known as“majoweh“or“majum“is given to pregnant women. This food is a crushed mixture of sour pomegranate seeds, black pepper, dried raisins, and occasionally garlic; this combination irritates the esophagus because of the hot black pepper and the sharp, crushed pomegranate seeds.People in the high‐risk region preserve their meat by sun drying, and a higher proportion of households in this region keep the preserved food for longer periods of time. Also, the inhabitants of the high‐risk region drink more tea at a much higher temperature. Very little fruit and vegetables are consumed by the Turkomans of the high‐risk region, whereas inhabitants in the low‐risk area keep vegetables and citrus fruits as an important part of their usual diets.

ISSN:0163-5581    

DOI:10.1080/01635588709513922

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractIt has been shown that rats fed diets high in lipid and cholesterol develop more 1,2‐dimethyl‐hydrazine (DMH)‐induced bowel tumors than those fed diets low in lipid or without cholesterol. To further explore the effects of these dietary regimens on immune function, rats were fed diets containing 20% safflower or coconut oil, with or without cholesterol (1 %) and cholic acid (0.3%), for 35 weeks during which time they were given DMH. Only rats bearing one or more colon tumors and that showed no evidence of weight loss were utilized. Two parameters of cell‐mediated immune function were assessed in tumor‐and nontumor‐bearing control rats: a) response to the T‐cell mitogen, phytohemaglutinin (PHA), and b) natural killer cell activity (NKCA). Nearly total suppression of PHA response was observed in the polyunsaturated fat diet group compared with the saturated fat diet groups. Addition of cholesterol to either the polyunsaturated or saturated fat diets diminished PHA response and, to a lesser degree, of T‐lymphocytes from rats fed these diets. NKCA, however, was unaffected by either the quality of dietary fat or cholesterol. There were no detectable effects of DMH perse 15 weeks after the last injection (or in the presence or absence of tumors) on T‐lymphocyte response to PHA or on NKCA.The relationships among lipid nutrition, carcinogen‐induced tumorigenesis, and immuno‐logic events is obviously complex. These studies imply that nutritional interventions may have a selective rather than a generalized effect on various immuno competent cell populations. Furthermore, the effects of lipid nutriture, rather than long‐term effects of carcinogen administration, or the presence of bowel tumors appear to play the major role on perceived alterations in in vitro immune function. Thus the effects of these lipid nutritional interventions on DMH‐induced tumorigenesis seem independent of their effects on immune phenomena with the immune probes utilized.

ISSN:0163-5581    

DOI:10.1080/01635588709513923

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractOne‐hundred male, young‐adult Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were divided into five equal groups of 20 animals each. Groups 1,2, and 3 were painted three times a week in the left buccal pouches with a 0.5% solution of 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in mineral oil. Group 1 animals also received a 20% onion extract in their drinking water and were also painted in left buccal pouches three times a week with a 50% onion extract in mineral oil. Group 2 animals received the onion extract in their drinking water, but they received only mineral oil in buccal pouches as a control for the painting with onion extract in mineral oil. Group 3 animals received DMBA but no onion extract. Group 4 animals received onion extract but no DMBA, and Group 5 animals were left untreated. Onion extract was found to significantly delay tumor formation in Groups 1 and 2 compared with Group 3 DMBA controls.

ISSN:0163-5581    

DOI:10.1080/01635588709513924

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe incidence of colorectal cancer in Israel is highest in European‐and American‐born immigrants. This is believed to be related mainly to their dietary habits. To investigate this issue further, we compared the diets of a sample of members of a well‐established kibbutz (BA), which was settled by immigrants of European origin, with the diets of an age‐and sex‐matched sample of European‐born residents of Tel‐A viv and of a previously studied kibbutz (GB). The diet of the people of kibbutz BA compared with those in Tel‐Aviv was significantly lower in poultry and significantly higher in polyunsaturated fats; it also had a higher polyunsaturated/saturated fats ratio. Compared with both the Tel‐Aviv residents and the kibbutz GB members, the kibbutz BA members had a, significantly lower intake of saturated fats; they also had a higher intake of dietary fiber, available carbohydrates, calories, and many minerals and vitamins. However, the incidence of colorectal cancers in the kibbutz BA population was slightly, but non‐significantly, higher than expected, based on age, ethnic group, sex, and calendar year‐specific national incidence rates. These results are in contrast to our earlier study in which we found that kibbutz GB had less colorectal cancer than expected; thus, the results of the current study are presently unexplained.

ISSN:0163-5581    

DOI:10.1080/01635588709513925

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractAn experiment was performed on Wistar rats to examine the possible carcinogenic effects of charred fish meat.Each group (of 30 male rats each) was fed one of the following diets: the standard diet mixed with 50% charred fish meat (Group 1), the standard diet mixed with 25% charred fish meat (Group 2), the standard diet alone (Group 3), or the 1‐methyl‐3‐nitro‐1‐nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) treatment in drinking water (Group 4) this last group served as positive control. The animals were observed for two years. No significant incidences of tumors were recorded. However, there were statistically significant incidences of nonspecific pathological lesions of the glandular stomach, such as erosion, regeneration, and hyperplastic epithelium. Also, an atypical epithelium of the stomach was found incidentally in two animals (Groups 1 and 2) this might suggest a premalignant condition.

ISSN:0163-5581    

DOI:10.1080/01635588709513926

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Colorectal Cancer: Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Treatment, Glenn Steele, Jr. and Robert T. Osteen, Marcel Dekker, New York, 366 pp., 1986

ISSN:0163-5581    

DOI:10.1080/01635588709513927

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0163-5581    

DOI:10.1080/01635588709513911

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor