ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639209092737

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A computerized decision-tree model was used in a cost-comparison study of two ultra-high potency topical corticosteroids (ulobetasol and clobetasol) indicated for the initial treatment of acute attacks of severe localized psoriasis. Among the variable factors involved in this study were the different non-responder rates of the two preparations and the frequencies of the alternative treatments used for non-responders (PUVA, SUP, etretinate or dithranol). National standards for therapeutic procedures of the corticosteroid and alternative treatments used were compiled and assessed from an expert survey. Direct costs (consultations, medication, diagnostics, additional treatments) and indirect health expenditures (loss of productivity) were calculated. Results showed cost-effectiveness advantages for ulobetasol in the range 12–25%. Sensitivity analyses were carried out to test the reliability of these results further. The study revealed that a simple comparison of cost per dose is inadequate to assess fully and understand the socioeconomic dimensions of choices between alternative preparations. The study also underscored the increasing importance of comprehensive socioeconomic evaluations as aids to decision makers in the health-care field.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639209092738

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Dithranol was incorporated into a hydrogel to develop a slow-release occlusive dithranol therapy for psoriasis. A method of loading the hydrogel with dithranol was developed. Stability of dithranol in the hydrogel was assessed by HPLC assay. Release of dithranol from the hydrogel into an aqueous medium was assessed in vitro. Pilot studies confirmed a comparable irritancy of the resulting dithranol/ hydrogel (DHG) to that of proprietary dithranol preparations. The effect of duration of application was studied in two patients and the rate of dithranol release assessed in vivo. Release from the hydrogel was complete in 14 h. Finally in a clinical study in eight patients comparing the application of DHG with hydrogel alone and conventional dithranol in Lassar's paste, the results of DHG were comparable to conventional treatment and significantly better than hydrogel alone.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639209092739

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The efficacy of creams and ointments on skin surface hydration was assessed in healthy volunteers. The results of two studies showed differential responses to ointments, oil-in-water (o/w) creams and Lipobase (an o/w cream with a high fat content). The present study design is recommended for the easy and reliable preclinical evaluation of topical vehicles.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639209092740

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The effect of three common emulsifiers and some fatty components of dermatological vehicles on transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and on percutaneous penetration was studied. The emulsifiers tested were 20% cetostearol in ethanol, 20% sorbitan sesquioleate in ethanol and 2% glycerol monostearate in chloroform. The oily components were jojoba oil and Ceridal skin oil (Rhone Poulenc) undiluted and 2% cholesterol in ether. The test substances were applied twice daily on the back skin of the subjects for 3–7 days. Cetostearol increased TEWL in both atopic and non-atopic subjects. Sorbitan sesquioleate did the same in non-atopics but not in atopics. The other substances tested did not influence TEWL significantly. In the non-immunological contact urticaria (NICU) test with 250 mM benzoic acid (BA), the non-atopics, but not the atopics, showed significantly stronger reactions in the areas treated with sorbitan sesquioleate than in other test areas. In another study, the emulsifiers and cholesterol were mixed with petrolatum at a ratio of 20:80. These mixtures did not alter TEWL, nor did they increase the skin reaction to BA in the NICU test. The results suggest that, of the many components of dermatological vehicles, at least cetostearol and sorbitan sesquioleate may influence the barrier function of the stratum corneum.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639209092741

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A group of 23 patients with dermatophyte orCandidainfections of fingernails or toenails were treated with itraconazole 100 mg daily in an open-label study. Treatment was continued for up to 4 months for fingernails and up to 6 months for toenails. At the end of the treatment, 12 patients were cured and eight were not. The response rate for fingernail infection was 54.5% and for toenail infection, 70%. Three patients had slight gastrointestinal side-effects that promptly remitted after stopping the drug.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639209092742

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The effectiveness of topical applications of capsaicin (truns-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonamide) in relieving pain was studied in 50 patients with a 2-month to 19-year history of postherpetic neuralgia unresponsive, or poorly responsive, to oral analgesics, antidepressants and neuroleptic agents. Of the 43 patients who completed the study, 70% experienced substantial relief of pain. Seven patients discontinued treatment because of a persistent burning sensation localized to the treated area.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639209092743

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The immunosuppressive properties of cyclosporin A (CyA) in systemic (oral) administration are now well documented in several dermatological disorders, especially in psoriasis. However, long-term oral use, even at low doses, is hampered by renal side-effects. From a theoretical point of view, in skin diseases there is the opportunity to bypass the oral route and administer CyA directly to the affected areas. In this review results from experimental studies to date in psoriasis, alopecia, contact and atopic dermatitis, oral lichen planus and keloid scars are summarized. Theoretical considerations on the pharmacokinetics of CyA for topical application are also discussed.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639209092744

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Itraconazole is a triazole analogue with a broad spectrum of antifungal activity, which covers yeasts and moulds. It is active against dermatophytes, candidal and pityrosporum yeasts, as well as a number of fungi which cause subcutaneous and systemic infection. It is well absorbed and has significantly fewer side-effects than systemic imidazoles. It is a useful agent in all forms of candidal infection, and is particularly effective in pityriasis versicolor. It is a much more potent fungistatic agent than griseofulvin in dermatophytosis and is thus more effective over shorter treatment periods.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639209092745

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639209092747

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor