ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639409084529

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A group of 131 patients with various cutaneous bacterial infections seen at 14 institutions in Miyagi prefecture, Japan, were treated with an orally active third generation cephalosporin antibiotic cefpodoxime proxetil (Banan), newly developed in Japan. Doses of 200 or 400 nig/day were administered for periods of 2–56 days. Of 128 cases evaluated, the skin lesions were cured in 62, markedly improved in 40, improved in 18, slightly improved in 5, unchanged in 3 and worsened in none. The number of cases evaluated as‘improved’or better was 120, an effectiveness of 93.8%. From the infected lesions, 150 strains of bacteria were isolated and we confirmed the high effectiveness of this drug not only against Gram-positive bacteria but also against single and mixed infections of Gram-negative bacteria. Adverse reactions were observed in 3 of 128 cases (2.3%); these were dizziness, diarrhoea and abdominal pain, none of which was serious, remitting readily after withdrawal of the drug. No abnormal laboratory test results attributable to the test drug were observed. From the results of this study, we conclude that cefpodoxime proxetil is a reliable and safe antibiotic for the systemic treatment of cutaneous bacterial infection.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639409084530

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of three broad-spectrum antibacterial agents used in the therapy of acne were estimated for antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria by agar dilution on one-quarter strength Brain Heart Infusion agar. Azelaic acid was the least active of the compounds tested under the conditions used with MICs of 2000–4000μg/ml (10.6–21.3 mM) for both sensitive and resistant strains. The inhibitory activity of benzoyl peroxide and zinc acetate was similar with MICs of 64–128μg/ml (0.26–0.53 mM) for the former and 32–64μg/ml (0.17–0.35 mM) for the latter against all 55 propionibacterial strains tested irrespective of resistance phenotype. These results confirm that all three agents are as active against antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria as against fully sensitive strains. It is recommended that these agents are prescribed either concomitantly with, or immediately following, courses of oral or topical antibiotics for acne in order to minimize the selection and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant strains of propionibacteria.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639409084531

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The aim of the study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of two semisolid matrix formulations of 8-MOP with commercial capsules containing 8-MOP dissolved in a mixture of solvents. One of the semisolid matrices contained oil because of the absorption-enhancing effect of oil previously observed in rabbits. The plasma level of 8-MOP was measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography method. No significant differences between the area under the curve values and the peak plasma concentrations were found, demonstrating that the oil component in the matrix did not specifically influence the bioavailability of 8-MOP in humans. This result is in contrast with our previous study in rabbits.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639409084532

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Numerous authors have described the inter-and intraindividual variations in the absorption of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP). The plasma kinetics of 8-MOP were determined in 475 subjects treated or before treatment with PUVA to investigate the degree of interindividual variation in the time and the value of the maximal plasma concentration. The parametersTmaxandCmaxwere evaluated after various alterations in the dose of 8-MOP to determine the effect of the alterations on these parameters. We also evaluated the importance of the intraindividual variations inTmaxandCmax. In addition, we studied the effects of different factors on the bioavailability of 8-MOP. The study demonstrated: interindividual variations in the time and the value of the maximal plasma concentration; intraindividual variations inCmaxin subjects in whom the dose of 8-MOP was not altered; stability ofTmaxin relation to the time after administration of 8-MOP and to changes in dose; and variability in the variations ofCmaxfollowing equal changes in the dose of 8-MOP. Moreover, the bioavailability of 8-MOP was not influenced by the age or sex of the subject nor by the lipid content of the diet given with the 8-MOP.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639409084533

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A total of 17 patients with alopecia areata refractory to therapy were randomized to receive either a topical solution of cyclosporin A (100 mg/ml) in liposomal vehicle, or liposomal vehicle alone. The patients were required to apply 500μl twice daily for 4 months to a previously designated 1 cm2patch of alopecia areata. Photographs of the treated area were taken at baseline and at weeks 4, 8 and 16. Blood samples were taken at baseline and at weeks 2, 8 and 16, to monitor adverse reactions and cyclosporin A levels. Of the 17 patients, 14 (8 cyclosporin A, 6 vehicle) completed the study. A slight decrease in the total number of vellus hairs and a slight increase in the total number of non-vellus (terminal) hairs was noted in both groups. Global severity of patients' hair loss increased slightly in the cyclosporin A group as compared with a slight decrease in the vehicle group. These changes were not statistically significant. Blood levels of cyclosporin A were not detected during the study. Topical cyclosporin A incorporated into liposomes at a concentration of 100 mg/ml failed to stimulate hair regrowth in patients with alopecia areata. Further studies with different formulation strategies such as a higher local concentration of cyclosporin A or better vehicle penetration enhancers, or both, are needed.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639409084534

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

EML A (eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics) cream is an effective analgesic in the treatment of port-wine stains. A placebo-controlled study was designed to assess whether EMLA cream altered the purpuric response of blood vessels in normal skin treated by a pulsed dye laser and to assess the analgesic effectiveness of EMLA compared with placebo. There was a significantly greater purpuric response in EMLA-treated skin than in placebo-treated skin (P<0.05) and EMLA was confirmed as being superior to placebo as an analgesic (P<0.01).

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639409084535

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A study was set up to examine the use of self-hypnosis in the management of childhood atopic eczema. Children over the age of 5 years who had moderately severe chronic eczema were recruited. Their eczema was assessed clinically at regular intervals throughout the study. After an initial control period they were assessed by a clinical psychologist and taught self-hypnosis by a guided imagery technique. They were encouraged to use this process to help relieve itch and discomfort from their eczema, and to aid relaxation. Any change in the eczema, and other symptoms, was noted over 18 weeks. At the end of the study, some benefit from the technique on the children's eczema was observed, although this did not reach statistical significance.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639409084536

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639409084537

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Of ten cases of actinomycetoma seen over a period of 12 years at Tawam Hospital, United Arab Emirates, all occurred in adults, of whom eight were males. There were equal numbers of foreign residents and UAE nationals. The main aetiological agent wasStreptomyces somaliensis, and the only complication, occurring in six of the ten patients, was bone involvement beneath the skin lesions. Response to surgical and ketoconazole treatment proved to be unsatisfactory while a combination of rifampicin, co-trimoxazole and amikacin produced good results.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639409084538

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor