ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639509097170

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Tacalcitol, 1-alpha,24(R)-dihydroxy vitamin D3, is an analogue of calcitriol, 1-alpha,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3. Topical tacalcitol used twice daily has been shown to be effective in the treatment of stable plaque psoriasis. The optimal concentration for once-daily treatment is, however, unknown. A randomized, double-blind comparison of seven concentrations of tacalcitol (0.25–16μg/g), tacalcitol vehicle ointment, hydrocortisone butyrate 0.1%, betamethasone dipropionate 0.05%, calcipotriol (50μg/g) and an untreated control area was therefore performed in 50 patients. The ointments (16 mg) were applied once daily to 11 2-cm circular areas of lesional psoriatic skin for 23 consecutive days. On days 1, 6, 11, 16, 20 and 24 the test areas were scored according to improvement. Erythema, infiltration and scaling were judged on a four-point scale and healing was judged in percent. The test system was sensitive and able to differentiate between the three positive controls: hydrocortisone butyrate, calcipotriol and betamethasone dipropionate. Tacalcitol at and above 1μg/g produced a time-dependent effect on psoriasis which was significantly better than the vehicle control (P0.05). The efficacy was concentration dependent up to a maximum of 4μg/g. Using 4μg/g the mean scores decreased from day 1 to day 24 as follows (95% confidence limits in parentheses): erythema, 2.64 (2.50–2.78) to 1.94 (1.76–2.12); infiltration, 2.48 (2.32–2.64) to 1.20 (1.01–1.39); scaling, 2.29 (2.11–2.47) to 1.26 (1.09–1.43); total score, 7.41 (7.00–7.80) to 4.4 (3.9–4.9). The mean degree of healing on day 24 was 50% (42–57%). In contrast, the vehicle control demonstrated only minor improvement on day 24 with a total score of 6.0 (5.5–6.5) and an average healing of 20% (13–27%). Topical tacalcitol treatment once daily demonstrated efficacy in psoriasis with a maximal effect at 4μg/g.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639509097171

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to clarify the effect of topically applied 20% azelaic acid (AA) on acne vulgaris lesions. Twenty male acne patients were included in this study. A punch biopsy was taken from each patient before treatment and from five of the treated patients. After 2 months of treatment with 20% AA, the pattern of follicular keratinization was markedly altered. In particular, there was a reduced thickness of the horny layer, a mild decrease in tononlaments and a marked reduction in the number and size of keratohyaline granules. Enlargement of perinuclear rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and swollen nitochondria were frequently observed. A reduction in the dermal inflammatory infiltrates was frequently identified. Very few bacteria were detected in the lumen. These findings confirm the antikeratinizing effects of 20% AA on acne vulgaris lesions.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639509097172

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A novel technique (based on the binding capacity of cream residues, a 'bead adherence test') was developed to assess the stickiness of creams after application to the skin. A study was carried out in 24 healthy volunteers in order to relate this technique to the subjective tactile perception of four topical pharmaceutical cream bases. In comparison with Essex creme, Linola creme fett and cremor cetomacrogolis, an experimental nanoparticle water-in-oil (w/o) cream produced significantly lower stickiness values in the bead adherence test at 1 and 2 min after application. These results corresponded with the results obtained through a questionnaire dealing with the cosmetic attribute 'stickiness'. The questions concerned the cream's 'thickness', 'fattiness', 'vanishing properties' and 'appropriateness for daily use'. The nanoparticle w/o cream was preferred overall in a paired comparison preference test. In conclusion, the bead adherence test enabled the objective assessment of the stickiness of a preparation after application to the skin. This stickiness parameter was demonstrated to correspond to the tactile perception of a cream.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639509097173

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The efficacy of Cocois Ointment, a standardized formulation of ung cocois co, in the treatment of moderate to severe scalp psoriasis was assessed in two stages: an open pilot study in 22 adult patients, and a multicentre single-blind randomized comparative study against a coal tar shampoo (Polytar) in 36 patients. In the comparative study, patients whose clinical assessment had failed to improve by more than 50% after 2 weeks were crossed over to the alternative treatment for a further 2 weeks. The proportion of patients showing improvement in the open-label study was highly significant (P0.001; 95% confidence interval 0.77–1). In the comparative study, Cocois was significantly more effective than Polytar in removing scale (P= 0.01). The difference between the two treatments for erythema and plaque infiltration showed a trend in favour of Cocois, but this was not statistically significant. Overall assessment of treatment response showed that Cocois was superior to Polytar in both investigator and patient assessment. These results provide useful contemporary evidence on the efficacy of a traditional remedy, ung cocois co, in the treatment of psoriasis of the scalp.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639509097174

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In recent years, systemic and intralesional interferons (IFNs) have been used successfully to treat a variety of skin tumours including T-cell lymphoma, malignant melanoma, Kaposi's sarcoma and basal cell carcinoma. However, only a few studies have been reported on the use of IFN for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intra and perilesionally administered IFNα-2a on SCC. A group of 36 patients with SCC ranging in size from 1.5 to 4 cm were treated with intra- and perilesional recombinant IFNα-2a. The doses varied from 1.5 to 3£106IU, three times a week for periods of 4–8 weeks. Complete response (CR) was achieved in 25 of 36 patients (69.5%) partial response in 7 patients (19.5%) and no response in 4 patients (11%). Side-effects including fever, headache and mild fatigue were observed during the first injection in 9 patients (25%). However, they were completely reversible with the use of paracetamol. After follow-up periods of 12–48 months (mean 30 months) no recurrence was noted. The present study demonstrates that intra and perilesional IFNα-2a can be considered an effective and safe therapy for SCC.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639509097175

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An open, clinical, pilot study showed terbinafine to be effective and well tolerated by patients suffering from tinea capitis. On the basis of those results a study comparing efficacy and tolerability of terbinafine, taken for 4 weeks, with those of griseofulvin taken for 8 weeks, was carried out. The treatment periods were separated by a 4-week placebo wash-out phase. Treatment was administered once daily in the evening according to the patient's body weight. The therapeutic efficacy of the drugs was determined by evaluation every 2 weeks for clinical signs and symptoms and by mycological examination of clinical material. The clinical parameters were assessed according to a four-point scale ranging from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe). Of 105 evaluable patients (49 males and 56 females), 56 were treated with terbinafine and 49 with griseofulvin. Fungi isolated included:Trichophyton violaceum(n= 92),T. verrucosum(n= 7),T. tonsurans(n= 4),T. rubrum(n= 1) andMicrosporum audouinii(n= 1). Final evaluation at week 12 showed a cure rate of 93% and 80% in the terbinafine and griseofulvin treatment groups, respectively. Adverse effects noted (terbinafinen= 5, griseofulvinn= 7) were not drug related. It appears that short-term (4 weeks) terbinafine treatment is as effective as 8 weeks griseofulvin therapy, and both are safe especially in children (94/105).

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639509097176

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A multicentre noncomparative study of fluconazole in the treatment of systemic fungal infections was carried out in China in order to investigate the safety and efficacy of the drug. The results from five centres show that fluconazole is safe and convenient both intravenously and orally for systemic fungal infections such as candidosis and cryptococcosis. Good results were also obtained in patients with cryptococcal meningitis and there were encouraging results from the treatment of patients with chromoblastomycosis and fusariosis cutis.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639509097177

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In treating tinea cruris, the use of corticosteroids in combination with antifungal agents to facilitate symptomatic relief is viewed by some practitioners as controversial, because the immunosuppressive activity of corticosteroids may compromise the management of the disease and elimination of the causative pathogen by the antifungal agent. In a randomized, single-blind multicenter parallel-group study in 198 patients with culture-confirmed tinea cruris, a 2-week course of Lotrisone (clotrimazole 1%/betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% cream) compared with Nizoral (ketoconazole 2% cream) showed that the combination of betamethasone dipropionate with clotrimazole provides effective disease management, with relief of signs and symptoms of the disease occurring early in therapy. Improvement in disease signs and symptoms (investigator-rated) and global response to treatment (investigator-rated) favored Lotrisone compared with Nizoral from day 2 up to the end of treatment on day 15 (P0.014). Results at the end of the study (day 29) showed Lotrisone and Nizoral to be equally effective: negative mycology in 85.0% of Lotrisone-treated patients vs 83.7% of Nizoral-treated patients (P= 0.845). Thus, betamethasone dipropionate in the combination did not compromise the ability of clotrimazole to eliminate the causative pathogen from patients with tinea cruris. Both treatments were well tolerated. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 7.8% of Lotrisone-treated patients and in 10.7% of Nizoral-treated patients. Application site reactions, paresthesia, and pruritis were the most frequently reported events considered possibly or probably related to treatment. These tended to be mild, and none required discontinuation of treatment.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639509097178

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Methotrexate is commonly used for the treatment of psoriasis. It has potentially serious side-effects and effective monitoring is essential. We conducted an audit to compare our current use of methotrexate with established guidelines and to highlight areas for improvement. The case notes of 40 patients on maintenance treatment with methotrexate were reviewed. There were inadequacies in documentation of alcohol history, baseline investigations and test dose of methotrexate. The riming of liver biopsies was not always based on cumulative dose of methotrexate. Information given to patients and general practitioners was felt to be inadequate. As a result of the audit, standard forms have been introduced to document details at the start of treatment, monitoring investigations and cumulative methotrexate dose. Information for patients and general practitioners have been designed and are used regularly. Increased awareness should result in increased patient compliance and earlier hospital referral should side-effects arise. This type of audit is directly relevant to other potentially dangerous drugs and could result in improved clinical practice in other areas.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639509097179

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor