ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639009089037

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Steroid atrophy was induced in the skin of rats. The skin-breaking strength was selected as the prognostic parameter for corticosteroid-induced atrophy. The atrophogenic and anti-inflammatory potential of three corticosteroids were compared. Methylprednisolone aceponate (MPA), a new corticosteroid, showed strong anti-inflammatory but weak atrophogenic activity. It is speculated that the dissociation of local effects is due to specific pharmacokinetic properties of MPA—high lipophilicity and activation of the drug in the skin.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639009089042

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In skin disorders such as eczema, the barrier function of the corneal layer is impaired. With bland creams or ointments this barrier function can be restored. The specific drug in a topical preparation has to penetrate into the skin. The combination of the vehicle and the specific drug will produce the overall effect on the skin. This stresses the fact that the vehicle is as important as the drug. Penetration of specific drugs can be promoted by adding salicylic acid, DMSO or urea. Trade-name products have a more constant composition in contrast to generic formulations. It is of major concern that governments attempt to legislate to provide generic substitutions.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639009089038

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639009089039

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Androgens stimulate and estrogens inhibit sebaceous gland activity. The androgenic stimulation is influenced to a variable degree by accelerated peripheral conversion of precursor androgens or by elevated hormone-receptor levels in the target organ sebaceous gland. This has led to the use of cyproterone acetate (CPA) as an antiandrogen in the management of treatment-resistant acne. The oral contraceptive Diane containing 2 mg of CPA and 0.05 mg of ethinylestradiol has proved to be highly effective in several studies reported over the last 15 years. Treatment with CPA is indicated in women with severe inflammatory acne or acne with marked premenstrual exacerbations, as well as in all women with acne who want to use oral contraceptives. With the trend to reduce the estrogen component of oral contraceptives, Diane has been replaced by Diane 35, which contains only 0.035 mg of ethinylestradiol. In a double-blind multicentre study the use of Diane and Diane 35 has been compared for the treatment of acne. Diane 35 was equally effective, was accompanied by fewer side-effects and was better tolerated. Therefore Diane 35 is the treatment of choice when CPA is administered for the management of acne.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639009089040

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

During the last 20 years the strategy of treating acne vulgaris has changed due to new findings concerning the pathogenesis of the disease and the development of new drugs which affect the known four pathogenetic factors. Azelaic acid (AA) is a new anti-acne agent which has been shown both in vivo and in vitro to be effective in suppressing the microbial population, on keratinization in cell cultures and on comedo formation in the hamster ear model. AA does not change the sebum excretion rate. Inflammatory local reactions are probably less prominent due to decreased neutrophil metabolism resulting from reduced amounts of reactive oxygen species. A series of comparative clinical trials in patients with different types of acne have proven the clinical efficacy of AA. A 20% AA cream has been equivalent to tretinoin 0.05% in comedonal acne, and to benzoyl peroxide (BPO 5%) in papulopustular acne. AA has been reported to be comparable to tetracyclines in the management of patients with moderate-to-severe acne. The clinical results in nodulocystic acne were not as good as those obtained with isotretinoin. In a very recent study AA was shown to be as effective as topical erythromycin in acne vulgaris. No systemic toxicologic side-effects have been reported, however, during the first minutes of application slight burning may occur. Development of microbial resistance to AA has not been found in vivo or in vitro, and no allergic sensitization or phototoxicity has occurred. In the comparison of side-effects, AA fares better than either tretinoin or BPO.

ISSN:0954-6634    

DOI:10.3109/09546639009089041

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor