摘要:

AbstractThe delay time of a column of pyrotechnic material when used in a delayed action electric detonator is defined as the time between the application of the initiating electrical impulse and the detonation of the explosive charge of the detonator. The effects of fuel/oxidant ratio and fuel surface area on the delay time have been measured for the silicon/red lead system. From the data obtained it has been possible to identify a possible reaction mechanism for this pyrotechnic composition.

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19830080402

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLa décomposition thermique en phase gazeuse homogène du nitrate d'isopropyle a été étudiée dans un tube à choc unique. On a utilisé une méthode comparative avec le peroxyde de di‐t‐butyle comme référence interne. Sur l'intervalle de température de 533 K à 635 K, l'expression de la vitesse pour cette décomposition du nitrate d'isopropyle obéit à la relation:\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm K}({\rm s}^{- 1}) = 10^{16,51\, \pm \,0,55} \exp [- 169,5 \pm 6({\rm KJ}/{\rm mol})/{\rm R

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19830080403

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new concept for the storage of granular propellants envisages storage buildings that consist of a number of storage rooms arranged side by side, and which avail of a common entrance room. In order to examine the possible spreading of fire from one storage room to another during the deflagration of a propellant charge in one of the rooms, a number of deflagrations have been conducted in a experimental building which consists of three adjacent storage rooms and one common entrance room. The building itself is equipped with a valve‐type roof whose corrugated sections pivot on one side. The steel doors leading from the entrance room into the storage rooms are of the lifting‐type and are fitted with a dual labyrinth seal and an interspace ventilation.The middle storage room was used for 13 deflagrations of propellant charges ranging from 500 kg to 4500 kg. Four types of propellants of differing brisance were employed for the task. The measurements of the effects caused by deflagration upon the two neighbouring rooms and the surroundings of the building itself entailed considerable technical efforts. In virtue of the extensive test results the new storage concept is assessed as being s

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19830080404

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThermal decomposition of guanidinium perchlorate has been studied by thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, mass spectrometry and X‐ray diffractometry. The title compound undergoes crystallographic phase transformation at 180°C before melting at 255°C. It decomposes exothermally into gaseous products in the temperature range 275°C–325°C. The mass spectral results suggest that the compound undergoes thermal decomposition into neutral particles which are then vapourized, ionized and oxidized. The fragment cyanamide is found to undergo trimerization to give m

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19830080405

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDevices producing different colored smokes have been widely used by military and civilians for signaling, screening, and display. Attention has not yet been placed on the analysis of the combustion products from these devices which may be hazardous. Combustion products from these colored smokes containing organic dyes produced at the normal function temperature (approximately 400°C–600°C) of the compositions have been studied in our laboratory. The five dyes contained in the smoke compositions studied are: benzanthrone, dibenzo(a,h)pyrene‐7,14‐dione, 1,4‐di‐p‐toluidino‐anthraquinone, 1‐methylamino‐anthraquinone, and α‐xylene‐azo‐β‐naphthol. A modified EPA‐Method 5 sampling train containing Amberlite XAD‐2 as the absorbant was used to sample the organic vapors and particulates in the effluent. ánalytical methods used to separate, purify, and identify the products include TLC, HPLC, GC, GC‐MS, and NMR.Minimum destruction of the organic dyes is desired for a good smoke. Our preliminary investigations indicate that 90%–95% of the organic dye sublimes while the other 5%–10% is lost to combustion. The combustion products observed, to date, have been identified as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's) and polynuclear organic materials (POM's) which are the result of thermal decomposition and thermal rearrangement of the parent dyes. At the temperature of functioning, no ri

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19830080406

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt is shown from dimensional arguments that the semi‐empirical jet break‐up formula of Hirsch(1)is consistent with physical models characterized by ideal plasticity (yield stress σ0), the material initial density (ϱ0), strain rate (η0), and jet radius (r0). Similar arguments applied to a one‐dimensional jet stretching model yields the existence of a maximum unstable perturbation wavelength, and fixes its value to within a numerical constant. Within the class of physical models considered the plastic velocity appearing in the Hirsch formula, the incremental velocity between successive fragments of a particulated jet, and the velocity (σ0/ϱ0)1/2are all related, as originally conjectured

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19830080407

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe initiation and build‐up to detonation of Composition B covered by steel barrier plates and impacted by a shaped‐charge jet has been studied. Two different barrier thicknesses were used representing strong and weak shock initiating systems. The results showed that, in both cases, a shock (designated the precursor shock) that travelled ahead of the penetrating jet and entered the explosive was roduced when the jet impacted the steel surface. The strong precursor shock from the thin barrier system produced initiation close to the explosive surface while for the weak precursor shock from the thick barrier system there was a long run to detonation (40 mm, 11 μs). In the latter case, close to the onset of detonation, a retonation was observed moving back through the previously shocked explosive which was expanding radially. These observations are used to discuss and explain some of the apparent anomalies in previously reported work. The effect of the precursor shock on the classical jet penetration theory was estim

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19830080408

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe use high decomposition temperature fluorescent dyes to produce explosively disseminated colored smoke puffs has been demonstrated. The dye material used was a commercially available pigment that was a solid solution of an organic fluorescer in a polyamide resin. Practice shells were loaded with the fluorescent dye and the payload ejected with a black powder charge. Large, highly colored smoke clouds were produced by this method. The fluorescence spectra of the dyes and calculations of increased acquisition range due to the added fluorescence are presented.

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19830080409

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19830080410

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19830080411

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY