摘要:

AbstractThe explosives with various molecular‐atomic structures substantially differ by their detonation velocities and brisance but often are similar by the expansion of their detonation products (DP's) which mainly consist of the same molecules. Such explosives referred to as “usual” show the relationship between ϱD and brisance determined by different methods. There are linear correlation relations between the results obtained.This relationship is not observed with the “unusual” explosives which differ from the “usual” ones by the chemistry of detonation processes. These explosives include liquid explosives, explosive‐oxidants. CNO‐ and HNO‐explosives and also CHNOF‐explosives. Their calculation of thc detonation parameters and brisance from the same criterions which characterize the chemical composition of the explosives and the detonation products, results in some errors.Taking these differences into account it is possible in some cases markedly to increase the accuracy of the detonation parameters. As an example is the calculation of the detonation pressure to within 3% based on the linear correlation relation between the pressure (PJ) and the relative detonation impulse (Irel) which characterizes the charge ability to do work at the initial stages of thc expansion of the detonation products:\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm P}_{\rm J} = 0.462 \cdot {\rm I}_{{\rm rel}} - 20.9 $$\end{document}The relative impulse, in its turn, may be calculated both for “usual” and “unusual” explosives from the atomic composition of an explosive, its density and the enthalpy of the formation with the error that does no

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19890140502

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe reaction process of boron (B) and potassium nitrate (PN) was examined with a thermochemical analysis. The process consists of a three‐stage gasification reaction. A significant heat is produced in the first‐stage process which is caused by the reaction B + KNO3→ KBO2+ NO. In the second‐stage process, the remaining unreacted PN decomposes to produce gaseous oxidizing fragments. The KBO2produced in the first‐stage process decomposes in the third‐stage process. Thc heat produced in the first‐stage process is correlated with the mass fraction of B mixed within the

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19890140503

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of the explosive binder 5 w/o‐Kel‐F‐800 on the initiation threshold sensitivity of LX‐15 had been measured. The initiation threshold (kinetic energy of flyer plate) versus explosive grain size shows constant difference of 5.5 ± 0.5 J/cm2between threshold curves of HNS and LX‐15 explosives (HNS plus 5 w/o‐Kel‐F‐800). This result can be explained by

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19890140504

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn adiabatic constant pressure chemical kinetic study of the AP gas phase is conducted. The objective is to examine the importance of chemical kinetic studies for propellant deflagration modelling in general and for AP in particular. A reaction mechanism consisting of ninety five elementary reactions involving twenty one chemical species is developed to represent the AP gas phase. An important parameter that can be obtained from the kinetics is the time rate of change of temperature of the gas phase at the condensed phase‐gas phase boundary (dT/dt at t = 0). This is directly related to the heat feedback from the gas phase to the condensed phase. Comparison with earlier work indicates that the use of a one‐step overall reaction could lead to underestimates of heat feedback from the gas phase by a factor of about four. In addition it is found that the rate of decrease of dT/dt at t = 0, with pressure is much larger at lower pressures, suggesting a possible gas phase role in the low pressure deflagration limit. Further, the kinetic study does not support the conclusion of a constant fraction of AP reacting in the condensed phase in the pressure range 20–100 atmospheres. These results are at variance with what is obtained by use of a one‐step overall reaction. Thus, the one‐step overall reaction cannot represent even qualitatively several gas phase characteristics important for deflagration studies, and its use leads to erroneous results. It is concluded that a full reaction mechanism representation of gas phase chemical kinetics is essential to AP deflagration modelling. The same conclusion is probably valid for propellant deflagration modelling i

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19890140505

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA survey is given of the problems encountered in measuring where detonation physics are involved and the measurement procedures applied in their solution. The cylinder test is assigned a part within this framework and compared with competing measurement procedures. This test makes it possible to calculate the progression of detonation product expansion from the widening of the tube measured which, in turn; is needed as an input for computer programs to examine material deformation caused by explosives. The LLNL and ICf evaluation programs are presently available for this purpose. In addition, Gurney energies can also be determined as characteristic magnitudes for explosive effects either directly from the tube expansion or indirectly from the product expansion. Apart from density of explosive and velocity of detonation, both the Chapman‐Jouguet pressure as well as the detonation heat are required in order to establish the initial point of the product expansion curve. In the ICT program, both quantities can also be obtained through detailed examination of the flow conditions in tubes of variable cross‐sections, in conjunction with limit observations on the wall expansion progression; this makes the cylinder test independent of other measurement procedu

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19890140506

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper an application of thermogravimetric‐derivative thermogravimetric analysis (TG‐DTG) to the measurement of the nitroglycerin (NG) in thc coating of the rocket propellant was developed. In comparisons with gas chromatography (GC) and weight method (WM), TG‐DTC has been confirmed to he even more available to measure rapidly migration of NG in thc coating. The new method is accurate to within ± 0.5% and its standard deviation is O.1. The method is of actual significance in respect of thc investigation of the migration regularity of plasticizer, the selection for coating materials and the prediction of service life of the solid prope

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19890140507

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Laray viscometer has been found to be useful for rheological characterization of the type of invert emulsion currently being utilized in commercial explosives. Shear rate can be varied over a range which encompasses typical emulsion processing conditions. The viscometer is also relatively inexpensive and simple to operate. Emulsion rheology is distinctly non‐Kewtonian. Dependence of shear stress on shear rate is in accord with the power law, with shear rate exponents (n) varying from 0.3 to 0.6. Both n and the pre‐exponential factor τrefdepend on emulsion composition and processing history in a manner consistent with known emulsion rheo

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19890140508

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19890140509

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19890140511

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19890140501

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY