摘要:

The effectiveness of cerebral antiedema agents in stroke has been questioned. Animal and clinical work is inconclusive about steroids and osmotic drugs. A retrospective study of a continuous series of 227 stroke patients treated in the acute stage (some with dexamethasone alone, some with dexamethasone plus hyperosmotic mannitol infusions, and some without antiedema therapy) showed no significant difference in the ten-day survival rate. On this criterion, there is no ground for the systematic use of such agents against this type of brain swelling.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An error appeared in the abstract in STROKE 6:237 (Mar–Apr) 1975.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Scanning electron microscopic observations of the luminal surface of the rabbit common carotid artery subjected to occlusion for 30 minutes or two hours revealed crater-like and balloon-like defects in the endothelial surface. The frequency of occurrence of these abnormalities was significantly decreased by pretreatment with heparin or aspirin in doses considered to have antiplatelet aggregating activity.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A study of the supply to the feline brain by the carotid-middle cerebral arteries was conducted using in vivo transcardiac injection with a mixture of micropaque and carbon black. Modifications in the filling pattern of the arterial vessels were visualized following short-term occlusion of a middle cerebral artery. A modified surgical method to induce occlusion of the M-1 segment of the middle cerebral artery is also described.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A digital model study has been developed for quantitative assessment of experimental errors in the analysis of133Xe clearance curve from the brain. A small Computer synthesized a model of the clearance curve, varying combinations of fast and slow components. The curves were convoluted with Poisson random digits to simulate statistical fluctuations. Identical curves were overlapped with varying intervals to study the influence of remaining activity.The height over area method to ten minutes was confirmed to overestimate CBF by 10% to 15% with a slow component of 20 ml/100 gm per minute, and the overestimation was increased with a lower slow flow component. The initial slope value was shown to have a close relationship with the fast flow component when the latter was less than 100 ml/100 gm per minute. Errors due to statistical fluctuations were determined only by the initial height (H0cps), as the percent standard deviation was ΔH0/H0in the height over area method and 2ΔH0/H0logH0in the initial slope method, where ΔH0= √H0. Remaining activity caused errors of 1% to 3% in the initial slope method with an injection interval of 15 minutes. The influence of remaining activity can be eliminated with an injection interval of more than 25 to 30 minutes in the initial slope method and more than 40 minutes in the height over area method.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured after intracarotid injection of133Xe concurrently with measurements of local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) after injection of133Xe directly into the distal stump of the occluded middle cerebral artery (MCA) by the use of the gamma camera after producing experimental ischemia in baboons by occluding the MCA. Regional MCA stump pressure (rMCAP) was also measured. Regions of ischemia assessed by intracarotid injection of133Xe correlated well with the territory of infarct defined by injection of133Xe into the distal MCA stump. Flow values in ischemic regions obtained by direct injection of133Xe into the MCA were 15% to 20% lower than those obtained by intracarotid injection of133Xe. Possible explanations for these differences are discussed. During induced hypertension autoregulation in ischemic areas was abolished and paradoxical responses of LCBF and rMCAP to changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension (Paco2) were confirmed.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias can occur in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to rupture of intracranial aneurysms. The arrhythmias are secondary to acute dysfunction of the central nervous system and possibly to sudden increase in intracranial pressure. The autonomic nervous system is the mediator in the production of these disorders. The clinical significance of these rhythm disorders is discussed, particularly in regard to the sudden, unexpected death seen in this type of patient. The possible mechanisms of production are analyzed and their therapeutic implications are stressed.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Artificial embolization of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) was produced in the primate, with a technique similar to that described by Luessenhop and Spence (1960) for the treatment of an inoperable arteriovenous malformation in the territory of the MCA. Silicone spheres (1 to 1.5 mm in diameter) were introduced into the internal carotid artery (ICA) via the external carotid artery (ECA). Emboli (1 to 1.3 mm) passed into the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) in 12%, and into the MCA in 50%. Emboli (1.2 to 1.5 mm) stopped at the ICA bifurcation in 54%. In all primates (82.35%) in which the emboli occluded the ICA bifurcation or the MCA, immediate contralateral hemiplegia developed. The correlation of the anatomical characteristics of the intracranial vasculature of the ICA bifurcation, the diameter of the emboli, and the anatomical localization of the silicone spheres suggests that this experimental model can produce a selective acute “point” occlusion of the MCA in at least 75% of the cases without violating the cranium, in which the resultant changes in the distribution of water and electrolytes in the brain during the acute ischemic event in the territory of the MCA of the primate can be studied.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Cerebrovascular insufficiency in infancy and childhood is well documented and has a diverse and often unknown etiology. Reported here is a polycythemic, microcephalic infant girl of 43 weeks' gestation with bilateral cerebral infarction occurring in the perinatal period. Infarction was the result of bilateral carotid artery stenosis produced by massive reduplication of the internal elastic lamina. Review of the literature failed to reveal any reports of similar arterial lesions. The angiographical picture was also unique.The etiology of this unusual defect is not known, but we believe the problem was congenital perhaps due to an intrauterine infectious process.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Factors which are known to be associated with cerebral atherosclerosis were evaluated in Nigerian Africans. Of 465 autopsied adult Nigerians, 62 (13%) had cerebral atherosclerosis. The frequency and severity of atherosclerosis among Nigerians with hypertension, particularly male subjects, were higher than in normotensives. Although there was a similar frequency of hypertension among autopsied Nigerian and Minnesota Caucasian populations, the severity and extent of atherosclerosis were greater in the Minnesota population. The relatively short duration of hypertension in the Nigerian before death might be an important factor which did not permit progressive development of cerebral atherosclerosis. Other factors which predisposed the Nigerian to increased frequency and severity of atherosclerosis included increased heart weight and diabetes mellitus. The relatively low frequency of cerebrovascular disease in the Nigerian may be explained on the basis of a low degree of cerebral atherosclerosis and relatively short duration of hypertension.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID