摘要:

This article examines a controversy over mineral leasing in the U.S. wilderness sytem during the early 1980s. The basic theme advanced is that the conflict raised important questions about the ability to find a viable compromise between preservation and development. These questions, in turn, may provide useful lessons about U.S. natural resource policy conflict and efforts to save global biodiversity.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941928809380653

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

References to the value of preserving wilderness and other natural areas frequently cite their potential value for science and research. Analysis of U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and U.S. National Park Service (NPS) Wildernesses revealed strong differences in research use of areas with similar legislated purposes but under different administrative agencies. Research in USFS areas tends to be much more visitor‐oriented than in NPS areas, where research has emphasized the biological sciences. NPS areas also receive more research use than USFS Wildernesses. Inconsistencies in research management indicate a need for more explicit specification of research goals in legislation or management documents.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941928809380654

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The regulations implementing the 1977 Clean Air Act Amendments distinguish between thedetectabilityof air pollution‐caused visibility impairment in Class I Parks and Wilderness areas and the adversity of impairment, referring to the effect on the quality of park visitors’ visual experiences. Two lines of environmental perception research have arisen from this distinction, one emphasizing the detectability of visibility impairment, and the other emphasizing the quality of park visitors’ experiences. This study addressed issues relevant to both lines of research. Subjects rated either the “visual air quality”; or “scenic beauty”; of color slides depicting varying levels of atmospheric visibility in Class I scenic vistas under treatment conditions designed to emphasize either the detectability or adversity criteria. Subjects who rated visual air quality for repeated samples of a single vista were most sensitive to changes in atmospheric visibility. Subjects who rated a mixture of different vistas for scenic beauty were least sensitive to visibility changes. Lighting conditions and the composition of the paricular vista being viewed also proved to have substantial influence on perceptual ratings.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941928809380655

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Symbolism is usually associated with religion or primitive cultures, and its pervasiveness is easily overlooked by natural resource professionals. This paper argues that natural resource issues such as herbicide use, wild horse management, or forest die‐back (Waldsterben) are rich in symbolic meaning that must be understood by competent professionals. Theories of symbolism, developed in other fields, are applied to natural resources management in the Western world. Examples are presented illustrating the magnitude, variety, and changing meaning of important natural resource symbols. These examples focus on forest management, foresters, and the USDA‐Forest Service.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941928809380656

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fire managers from the U.S. Forest Service were surveyed to determine which decision factors most strongly influenced their fire‐risk decisions. Safety, the resources at risk, public opinion, and the reliability of information were important influences on these decisions. This research allowed direct comparison between fire managers’ perceptions of factor importance and how their fire‐risk decisions changed in response to those factors. These risk decisions were highly responsive to changes in context (an escaped wildfire decision versus a prescribed burning decision) as well as to changing factors. The results demonstrate the utility of using scenarios in risk research and the vital importance of context in studying risk‐taking behavior. Research which attempts to remove risk decisions from their real‐world context may well distort the nature of risk‐taking behavior.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941928809380657

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941928809380658

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941928809380659

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941928809380660

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941928809380661

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

WILKINSON, CHARLES F.American Indians, Time and the Law.New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987. 225 p. $25.00 (cloth), $9.95 (paper).

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941928809380669

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor