摘要:

This study explores the extent to which gender is a factor in the adoption of a set of conservation practices in an area of Kenya that is experiencing increased population density. The findings from a comparison of male and female farm household heads reveal that female‐headed households have slightly higher levels of adoption on several conservation practices. The comparison also shows gender differences on farm and other farm operator characteristics, experience with environmental problems, and perceptions of environmental and agricultural conditions. A regression analysis explores the relative importance of several factors, including gender, to adoption of conservation practices. Although gender itself was not shown to be a significant explanatory factor in predicting adoption, the results of separate analyses suggest that male‐female differences in adoption are shaped by different environmental conditions and experiences.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929609380987

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Approaches to resource and environmental management based on outdated notions about nature and the development of complex systems must be updated by new approaches that mix leading‐edge ecosystem science and management. New approaches should be endowed with an appropriate mix of ecological theory, data, creativity, and flexibility in an overall framework that emphasizes adaptability and experimentation. Guided by societal goals of achieving (or maintaining) ecological integrity and natural resource sustainability, a management framework based on clinical ecology—a prescriptive scientific management regime informed by theory and empirical generalization—may represent the type of approach needed to proceed in an orderly fashion toward resolving many resource and environmental management problems.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929609380988

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Southern Louisiana and southern Florida are characterized by the two most extensive coastal wetlands in the continental United States. These immense, seemingly hostile, and similar environments have experienced two very different directions of regional development. Louisiana developed much earlier, focusing initially on the extraction of renewable resources from the coastal marsh. Later, by the 1920s, the discovery of oil and gas led to the rapid development of an offshore, nonrenewable extractive system that is literally unparalleled on the planet. In contrast, at the time of early settlement, southern Florida had fewer recognized renewable or nonrenewable resources; its development began later, centered around amenity use rather than consumptive use of resources. In spite of potentially massive economic benefits, Florida has bitterly fought recent attempts at offshore oil or gas exploitation, and coastal tourism in Louisiana seems as unlikely as offshore development in Florida. At the same time, however, there are significant challenges to the continued vitality of both the oilbased economy of southern Louisiana and the tourism‐based economy of southern Florida. The two contrasting cases provide examples ofdevelopmental channelization.On the one hand, once an area or region takes a given developmental direction, both the process of specialization in a given primary activity and the investment of human and economic capital in the capture of linkages tied to that primary activity can set in motion a process that may effectively preclude other developmental options. On the other hand, a given course of development can also be pursued so intensively as to bring about its demise.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929609380989

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The contribution of human dimensions research to the ecological paradigm emerging in natural resource management involves the development of contextually rich, and spatially and historically specific, understandings of places. As an eclectic and integrative field of inquiry, environmental psychology offers a growing body of research that promotes a view of the person as a social agent who seeks out and creates meaning in the environment. As developed in environmental psychology, research from the adaptive, goal‐directed, and sociocultural paradigms is reviewed to illustrate alternative approaches to studying environmental meaning. These paradigms, taken together, provide complementary conceptual approaches for assessment and mapping of the diverse and often competing environmental meanings that various constituencies attach to natural resources. From human geography, the concept ofplaceoffers a framework for integrating environmental meanings into ecosystem management. Place constitutes a concrete focal point where natural forces, social relations, and human meanings overlap and can be integrated in theory and practice.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929609380990

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Environmental conflicts are a familiar phenomenon in all industrial societies, and social scientists have produced a great number of studies of different environmental conflicts. One conventional way to conceptualize them is known as NIMBY ("not in my backyard"). Although the recent NIMBY literature has revealed the complexity of the issue, the approach continues to be beset by a number of problems. It has been difficult to conceptualize the dynamic character of a conflict from this perspective. This paper suggests that the theory of environmental conflicts should shift in an epistemological and social interactionist direction, toward social constructionist theory. This paper offers a constructionist analysis of three environmental conflicts in Finland. The disputes over the siting of a nuclear waste facility are viewed as processes of perceiving radioactive waste in the different municipalities. The conflicts are examined as struggles over scientific‐technical, economic, and political definitions of the radioactive objects and of the conflicts themselves.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929609380991

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The lens of U.S. popular culture provided by country and western music and horror films reveals an understanding of property in the United States as complex, contested, and fluid. International scholarship has analyzed property in similar terms. U.S. property relationships are explored here through application of six themes found in the international literature: (1) property as social process, (2) customary tenures, (3) common property and community management of resources, (4) gender, (5) the complexity of tenancy relationships, and (6) land concentration.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929609380992

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Beatley, Timothy.Habitat Conservation Planning: Endangered Species and Urban Growth.Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1994. 234 pp. $17.95 (softcover).

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929609380993

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929609380986

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor