摘要:

To minimize or at least substantially reduce damage to the natural resource sustenance‐base we urgently need institutional reform within modern society. Environmental sociologists have different views as to which institutional traits can be held primarily responsible for the environmental crisis. Examples include its capitalistic or industrial character as well as the complex, highly administrated technological system of modern society. We discuss these matters in the context of the theory of “ecological modernization”; as developed by the German sociologist Joseph Huber, among others. To analyze the institutional reforms required for bringing human interaction with the sustenance‐base under rational ecological control, however, the theory needs to be substantially modified and complemented in several respects. However, restructuring the processes of production and consumption is only half the story. The change to ecologically sound patterns of production and consumption is limited by the dimension of the environmental crisis that has to do with nature as sustenance‐base and does not provide a solution to problems related to what we call the second dimension of the environmental crisis: the changing role of nature as “intuited nature”; and the way people “deal with”; these aspects of the environmental crisis within everyday life. In this respect we propose that theories of modern society as a risk‐society should be given greater attention within environmental sociology.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929209380797

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The contributions of sociology, political economy, and anthropology to the development of aquaculture are examined. These disciplines have approached aqua‐culture from two perspectives. There is a body of literature that explores aquaculture's impact on rural communities, treating aquaculture as agriculture and focusing on issues of equity, labor patterns, nutrition, and health. Another approach stresses what aquaculture has in common with fisheries and is concerned with the use of shared resources such as bays and estuaries and an exploration of the possibility of turning fishermen into aquaculturists. Areas in which future work is needed are identified.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929209380798

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Given the inconsistent history of successful reintroductions, and the likelihood that the use of reintroductions as a management tool will increase, the need for an accepted conceptual model for reintroduction planning seems apparent. This paper proposes the use of social theory for reintroduction planning. The social theory presented by Firey inMan, Mind, and Land: A Theory of Resource Use(1960) offers an appropriate conceptual framework relevant to reintroductions. Application of this theory to an existing reintroduction project demonstrates its usefulness. It is suggested that use of this theory in the planning stages of reintroductions may help to improve reintroduction success rates.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929209380799

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Although women in Bangladesh make a direct and equal contribution to that of men in agricultural production, their productive worth is not acknowledged by this male‐dominated society. Some principal reasons for the lack of recognition include the inferior social and religious status of women, seclusion through systematic segregation, negligible legal and property rights, sex discrimination in gaining access to economic activities, lack of valuation of women's activities, and absence of government policies regarding women's development. Male‐dominated Bangladesh society undervalues women's work by paying them less than men with the same workload and even with the same output. Credit is taken over by their male counterparts (husbands). This essay explores the possibilities of policies that would recognize women's labor and incorporate women in comprehensive development activities throughout Bangladesh.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929209380800

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Funding support, and the realization by fishery managers that social science research has much to offer in the management process, have combined to create a framework for important research activity in recent years. This paper describes three projects of varying breadth, depth, and scope in which social scientific scholarship has both theoretical and applied value. The first project was a research effort in which funding first allowed for the construction of an appropriate theoretical model and hypotheses, and then supported the research, application, and evaluation. The second project illustrates how available theory and methods can be adapted to the solution of a basic problem in fisheries management, namely how to involve those who are affected by policies and regulations in the formation of those policies and regulations. The third project addresses the issue of conflict of fisheries management and locates marine resource conflicts within a larger conceptual context. This is also an area in which there has been a reluctance to face squarely the research needed to provide for more effective management.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929209380801

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929209380802

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929209380796

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor