摘要:

There is considerable evidence that pollution and other forms of environmental degradation take a heavy toll on African‐American communities. African Americans, however, have not been attracted to mainstream environmental groups. Grassroots environmental groups—with their emphasis on environmental justice—have attracted a larger following within African‐American communities. The 1980s have seen the struggle for environmental equity take on a civil rights meaning. Using preexisting social justice and grassroots organizations for leadership, black community residents have begun to challenge government and private industries that would turn their areas into the nation's dumping grounds for all types of health‐threatening toxins.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929009380728

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

One common concern about strong environmental regulations is that they will detract from one area's “business climate,” limiting or driving away economic growth. Ironically, although the usual assumption is that businesses focus more narrowly on economic factors than do persons holding environmental concerns, it appears that little if any systematic attention has been devoted to the logic or the facts behind such “business climate” claims. The connections have generally beenassumed, not demonstrated. Systematic, national‐level ratings of state “business climates” have now been available for more than a decade. Using the upper midwest state of Wisconsin as a reference point, this paper examines the predictive validity of three of the best‐known ratings. On average, “good” business climate ratings actually predictedworseeconomic outcomes; the states named as having “bad” business climates actually hadbettereconomic performance (growth in jobs and incomes) over subsequent 5‐ and 10‐year periods. The findings are particularly clear with respect to incomes: The low‐ranked states experienced $585 to $1100 more growth in per capita income for the 5‐year period following each of the three rankings than did the top‐ranked states, and the income benefits associated with “bad” business climate ratings actually increased over time.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929009380729

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Citizen attitudes concerning the potential hazards of environmental pollution are believed to be influenced by various factors. Some observers focus on the level of education and policy‐relevant knowledge obtaining among the public as predictors of environmental risk perceptions. Others have argued that level of education and knowledge are largely unrelated to risk perceptions. These scholars focus on the symbolic nature of environmental issues and highlight the importance of the underlying influence of political and social value orientations on the perception of environmental risk. This study explores how public perceptions of risk associated with industrial pollution in the Great Lakes are affected by policy‐relevant knowledge and political value orientations. Findings suggest that value orientations are stronger predictors of environmental risk perceptions than knowledge.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929009380730

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Questions concerning cultural and biological diversity, cultural homogeneity versus heterogeneity, and biological homogeneity versus heterogeneity are critical to both cultures and biological species. Of the 8 million biological species found on earth, it is hypothesized that 1 million species will become extinct before the year 2000 A.D. Different societies also face a similar threat of cultural extinction. With increasing international, national, regional, and state demands for the preservation of existing habitats in the form of protected reserves, indigenous peoples surrounding or in parks, such as the Navajo at Canyon de Chelly National Monument, are often confronted with rapid change. A conflict exists between the preservation of cultural diversity on the one hand and biological diversity on the other. At Canyon de Chelly National Monument, cultural diversity over time, inclusive of the Anasazi, Navajo, Ute, Spanish, and U.S. cultures, is explored. The management of Canyon de Chelly National Park's cultural diversity and integrity and its biodiversity is also described. Conclusions reached from the study of Canyon de Chelly National Monument are applicable to parks lacking Native American populations. Community inclusion in reserve planning, formation, and management will benefit the crucial long‐term preservation of both cultural and biological diversity.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929009380731

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper examines the adoption of a conservation practice among Illinois farmers from the perspective of the importance of agroecological and conservation policy influences. Farmers in one agricultural region adopted the conservation practice of no‐till agriculture earlier and to a greater extent than those in another. Evidence shows that policy changes were not accompanied by changes in farmers’ motivations for adopting no‐till. If anything, farmers adopting in the period after the policy changes were less likely to adopt for conservation and erosion control reasons than in the period before the policy changes. The research concludes that, whereas a shift in policy may have resulted in the desired behavioral change, it has not resulted in influencing no‐till adoption for conservation reasons. Farmers’ future behavior is unlikely to be directly affected by conservation legislation and policy.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929009380732

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Callicott, J. Baird (Ed.).Companion to “A Sand County Almanac”: Interpretive and Critical Essays. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press. 1987. 293 pp. $12.95 (paper).

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929009380733

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929009380734

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929009380735

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Margaret Critchlow Rodman.Deep Water: Development and Change in Pacific Village Fisheries. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, Inc., 1989. 173p. $18.95 (paper).

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929009380736

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929009380727

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor